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Chapter 8 Biology FH

Chapter 8 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
Chromosome rod-shaped structure made of DNA and Proteins
histone protein that helps maintain shape of chromosome
chromatid half of a chromosome
centromere point on a chromosome where two chromatids are attatched
chromatin less-tightly coiled DNA protein complex
sex chromosomes chromosomes that determine sex
autosomes chromosomes besides XX and XY
homologous chromosomes copies of each chromosome
diploid two sets of chromosomes
haploid one set of chromosomes
binary fission division of a prokaryotic cell into two offspring cells
mitosis first type of cell division, results in new cells with genetic material
asexual reproduction production of offspring from one parent
meiosis occurs during formation of gametes
interphase time between cell divisions
cytokinesis division of cell's cytoplasm
prophase first phase of mitosis
spindle fibers radiate from centrosomes in preperation for metaphase
metaphase second phase of mitosis
anaphase third phase of mitosis
telophase fourth phase of mitosis
cell plate vesicles from golgi apparatatus join at midline of dividing cell
cell growth checkpoint first checkpoint
DNA synthesis checkpoint second checkpoint
Mitosis checkpoint third checkpoint
synapsis pairing of homologous chromosomes
tetrad pair of homologous chromosomes
crossing-over chromatids breaking off and attatching to adjacent chromatids on homologous chromosomes
genetic recombination when new mixture of genetic material is created
independent assortment random seperation of homologous chromosomes
spermatogenesis production of sperm cells
oogenesis production of ova, or mature eggs
polar bodies three products of meiosis
sexual reproduction production of offspring through meiosis and the unision of a sperm and egg
Created by: BIgNate68
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