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DNA & Genetics Vocab
DNA & Genetic Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cells | the basic building blocks of living organisms |
| nucleus | the control center of the cell; it contains your DNA |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid; it consists of strands of molecules that code and store genetic information. It is located in the nucleus of the cell. It's like a blueprint for your body. |
| Watson & Crick | scientists who discovered the structure of the DNA molecule |
| double helix | the shape of a DNA molecule; it looks like a twisted ladder |
| heredity | the passing of traits from parents to offspring |
| genetics | the science of heredity |
| gene | the section of DNA that codes for one specific trait |
| trait | characteristics such as leaf shape or eye color that are passed from parent to offspring |
| dominant trait | a genetic trait that expresses itself more strongly than another trait |
| recessive trait | a genetic trait that is hidden by a dominant trait |
| ethics | the process of thinking & discussing by which we decide on issues of right (good) or wrong (bad) as applied to people and their actions. Science & technology determine what we CAN do. Ethics helps us decide what we SHOULD do. |
| phenotype | The external appearance of an organism. What it looks like. |
| genotype | The genetic makeup of an organism |
| Gregor Mendel | Austrian monk known as the father of genetics |
| Punnett square | A chart that shows all of the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross. |
| allele | One version of a gene (Such as the dominant allele or the recessive allele.) |
| inherited | To receive a trait from your parents. |
| characteristic | A quality or feature that is typical of or serves to distinguish an organism or group from others. |
| species | A group of similar organisms that can reproduce together and produce fertile offspring. |
| offspring | The young of a person, animal, or plant. |
| generation | A group of individuals born at about the same time. |
| sexual reproduction | A form of reproduction that requires two parents and results in offspring who are genetically different from their parents. |
| asexual reproduction | A form of reproduction that requires only one parent and results in offspring who are genetically identical to that parent. |
| clone | an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced |
| fertilization | the uniting of a sperm cell with an egg cell to form a cell that will develop into a new individual |
| mutation | a change in a gene or chromosome |
| homozygous | an organism with 2 identical alleles for a trait |
| heterozygous | an organism with two different alleles for a trait |
| hybrid | an organism with a dominant allele and a recessive allele for a trait |
Created by:
Triana Silliman
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