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Zoology
lecture 16, final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Synapsida | reptiles that look like mammals - |
| what makes a mammal a mammal? | -squamasal (cheek joint) -series of interrelated things |
| mammal dvpt | 1st were small like house cat |
| Multituberculates | -longest lived and most success full are today extinct. were here during time of dinosaurs -extinct and look like large rodant |
| possum | hit certain design that has worked thru time, 1 of only species that stayed the same -primitive |
| Class Mammalia subclasses | |
| Subclass Prototheria | -early in fossil record -2 families that survived -competition in Austrailia -primitive -shoulder gurder -e.g. platypus, echidna |
| Subclass Theria | |
| Infraclass Metatheria | -marsupials, not quite as advanced |
| Infraclass Eutheria | k |
| Difference in Meta/Eutheria from other mammals | penis is forked used to think insiminated thru nose -scrotum is anterior to penis, not behind like normal -female has ploaca: 2 vagina and oviduct and separate ovaries -come out in 8 days and are tiny and underdvpd |
| teeth | -we can suck and we can chew |
| nursing | 2 structures: nipple/teat |
| nipple | many ducts |
| teat | |
| teeth | k |
| deciduous teeth | baby teeth that won't last long -dont have roots -cap meant to be lost |
| premolars | replaced with molars |
| Order Chiroptera | -largest grp of mammals with exception of rats (bats) -some size of house cat -may eat nests of birds, smaller bats, -carnivores |
| vampire bats | -feed on blood of birds -can spread rabies -control them by putting bat net up and paint it with poisonous stuff that they will inhale |
| red bat | dnt have it until spring -orange and solitary (look like dead leaves on large branches) -thunderstorms are biggest mmortality b/c ants, rats, cats get them -male smaller w/rich color |
| Order Rodantia | -can be smaller than rat to 100 lbs |
| capybara | chinchilla guinea pigs -eaten by catholic during lent when want something other than fish, but say it's fish |
| porcupine | k |
| beaver | wiped out in europe and asia -cause problems |
| teeth | have much iron that gives them strength to do what they do with teeth -makes them orange or yellow color |
| grasshopper mouse | heavily built mouse with short tail -eat grasshoppers, scorpions, small lizards, other species of mice -ambush species bigger than them and dig hind legs in them -howl with high pitch |
| kangaroo rat | **Water concentration -diet: seeds -urine is concentrated -defication is dehydrated -long narrow nasal chamber |
| woodrats | -around woody vegetation -big and blocky -don't want to be around people -burrow within hut with sticks and trash AKA pack rat (trade rat) |
| Order Cetaceans | dolphins |
| Baleen whale | feed on krill |
| toothed whales | toothed whales |
| Sperm whale | -dolphin or porpoise |
| -dolphin made it into rivers -use ecolocation | |
| parasodactiles | |
| plantigrade | standing with whole foot |
| digitigrode | walk on ball of foot |
| unguligrade | walk on hooves, 2 separate-paraxonic |
| mesaxonic | 1 hoof |
| head orientation | horn |
| horn | extension of skull bone -covered with sheath of carotine -both male and female have |
| antler | usually only male -dies and hardens -used to help scare off competition -age depends on age and nutrition |
Created by:
Jamie D
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