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AP Biology Carbon

organic biology

QuestionAnswer
Define organic chemistry The branch of chemistry that specializes in the study of carbon containing compounds.
Name the major elements of life. Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Phosphorus
What are hydrocarbons? organic molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen
Isomers that differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms are.... Structural isomers
Isomers that have the same covalent partnerships, but differ in their spatial arrangements are.... Geometric isomers
Isomers that are molecules and are mirror images of each other.... Enantiomers
Hydroxyl Group Oxygen and hydrogen bonded together; Alcohols; polar as a result of the electronegative oxygen atom.
Carbonyl Group Carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond; Ketones and Aldehydes
What is the difference between Ketones and Aldehydes? Ketones exist if the carbonyl group are within a carbon skeleton, Aldehydes exist if the carbonyl group is at the end of the carbon skeleton.
Carboxyl Group Oxygen atom is double bonded to a carbon atom that is also bonded to a hydroxyl group; Carboxylic acids
Amino Group Nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and to the carbon skeleton; Amines
Sulfhydryl Group Sulfur atom bonded to an atom of hydrogen; Thiols
Phosphate Group a phosphorus atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms; one oxygen is bonded to the carbon skeleton; two oxygens carry negative charges; Organic phosphates
Created by: beverly007
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