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Chapter 9 Vocab Bio

QuestionAnswer
Cell cycle
Interphase the stage during which cell grows, carries our cellular functions, and replicates or makes copies of its DNA in preparation for the next stage of the cycle.
Mitosis the stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus and nuclear material divide.
Cytokinesis the method by which a cell's cytoplasm divides, creating a new cells.
Chromosomes are structures that contain the genetic material that is passed from generation of cells
Chromatin is the relaxed form of DNA in the cell's nucleus
Prophase the first stage if mitosis the stage of mitosis during which a dividing cell spends the most time
Sister chromatids are structures that contain identical copies of DNA
Centromere the structure at the center of the chromosome where sister chromatids are attached
Spindle apparatus the whole structure, including the spindle fibers, centrioles, and aster fibers
Metaphase second stage of mitosis ; the sister chromatids are pulled by motor proteins along the spindle apparatus toward the center of the cell and lineup in the middle , or equator of the cell
Anaphase the third stage of mitosis ; the chromatids are pulled apart
Telophase last stage of mitosis ; in this stage which the chromosomes arrive at the poles of the cell and begin to relax, or decondense.
Cyclines one of the specific proteins that regulate the cell cycle
Cyclin dependent kinases : in the stages of interphase and mitosis to start the various activities that take place in the cell cycle
Cancer is the uncontrolled growth and division of cells - a failure in the regulation of the cell cycle
Carcinogens substances and agents that are known to cause cancer
Apoptosos when an embryo divides, some cells go through this process or programming cell death
Stem cells are unspecialized cells that can develop into specialized cells when under the right conditions
Created by: ashshack
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