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Cellular Energy 8

Chapter 8 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
The ability to do work. Energy
The study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe. Thermodynamics
Organisms that make their own food. Autotrophs
Organisms that need to digest food to obtain energy. Heterotrophs
All chemical reactions in a cell. Metabolism
The anabolic pathway by whoch light energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy for use by the cell. Photosynthesis
Catabolic pathway by which organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell. Cellular Respiration
The most important biological macromolecule that provides chemical energy. ATP
The first compartment in chloroplast, flattened sacklike membrane that are arranged in stacks. Thylakoid
Stacks formed in thylakoids. Grana
The second compartment of chloroplasts, fluid filled space that is outside the grana. Stroma
Light absorbing colored molecules. Pigment
The major electron carrier in electron transport. NADP+
Phase two of photosynthesis where energy is stored in macromolecules such as glucose. Calvin cycle
An enzyme that converts the remaining ten G3P molecules in 5-carbon molecules called ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphates(RuBP) Rubisco
Metabolic process that does not require oxygen. Anaerobic process
Metabloic process that requires oxygen. Aerobic process
Metabolic process where pyruvate is broken down and electron carrier molecules are used to produce ATP through electron transport. Aerobic respiration
The process in which glucose is broken down in the cytoplasm. Glycolysis
The series of reactions where pyruvate is broken down into carbon dioxide. Krebs cycle
Occurs in cytoplasmand regenerates the cells supply of NAD+ while producing a small amount of ATP. Fermentation
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