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Cerebelleum

Lecture 15 Block 3 Cerebellum

QuestionAnswer
Vestibulocerebellum: Input and Pathway Inner Ear (vestibular labryinth)-Ipsilateral, Vestibular nuclei (esp. inferior)-Bilateral, and Inferior Olive Pathway: Inferior cerebellar peduncle
Vestibulocerebellum: Output (including Function)and Pathway Vestibular nuclei (esp. medial and superior): movement of eyes (lateral): axial muscles and limb extensors Pathway: inferior cerebellar peduncle
What is unique about projections from the vestibulocerebellum? Purkinje cells project directly to targets outside of the cerebellum
Vermal Spinocerebellum: Input and Pathway Dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts (via inferior peduncle) Vestibular nuclei (via inferior peduncle), Ventral spinocerebellar tract (via superior peduncle), and some input from inferior olive
Vermal Spinocerebellum: Output and Pathway Fastigial nucleus to vestibular nuclei via inferior cerebellar peduncle
What is the function of the vermal spinocerebellum? For posture and balance via sensory input from spinocerebellar (proprioception) and vestibular input (some overlap w/ vestibulcerebellar functions)
Paravermal Spinocerebellum: Input and Pathway Dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tract (via inferior peduncle), ventral spinocerebellar tract (via superior peduncle), and alsom some inferior olive input
Paravermal Spinocerebellum: Output and Pathway Interposed nuclei to contralateral red nucleus and contralateral thalamus via superior cerebellar peduncle
What is the function of the paravermal spinocerebellum? To adjust activity of distal muscles in response to spinocerebellar input and coordinating with motor cortical areas (via thalamus)
Are projections from the red thalamus ispilateral or contralateral? Contralateral-therefore, the cerebellar interposed nuclei control ipsilateral posture and coordination (a double cross)
Which functional cerebellum projects to the magnocellular red nucleus? Th interposed nuclei of the perivermal spinocerebellum?
Which functional cerebellum projects to the parvocellular red nucleus? The dentate nuclei of the cerebrocerebellum
Cerebrocerebellum: Input and Pathway Contralateral cerebral hemisphere via cerebral peduncles, basal pontine nuclei and middle cerebellar peduncle Also the inferior olivary nucleus
Cerebrocerebellum: Output and Pathway Dentate nuclei to contralateral red nucleus and contralateral (VA/VL) thalamus via superior cerebellar peduncle
What is the function of the cerebrocerebellum? Planning of voluntary movements, motor memory and learning, input of sensory stimuli (ESPECIALLY VISION)
What does the inferior olive project to and what kind of fiber is it associated with? Projects to ALL portions of the cerebellum and associated with climbing fibers.
Where do parvocellular neurons of the red nucleus project to and is it ipsi or contralateral? It sends ispilateral projections to the inferior olive , forming a loop.
Where do magnocellular neurons of the red nucleus project to and is it ipsi or contralateral? It sends contralateral projections down through the rubrospinal tract.
What do mossy fibers project to? The granule cells AS WELL as the deep cerebellar nuclei
What corresponds to the deep cerebellar nuclei in the flocculonodular system? The vestibular nuclei
What is the function of the inferior olive? Provides an error signal when integrating sensory input to potentiate and depress purkinje cells via climbing fibers
What do vermal lesions present as? Abnormal eye movements, impaired balance, truncal ataxia
What do paravermal lesions present as? appendicular ataxia
What do lateral lesions present as? impairment of fine motor activities, impaired motor learning, poduces clinical deficits on IPSILATERAL side of lesion
What does increased climbing fiber activity do to the cerebellar motor learning circuit? Induces LTD of the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse, increasing total motor command output.
What does decreased climbing fiber activity do to the cerebellar motor learning circuit? Induces LTP of the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse, decreasing total motor command output.
Created by: bloodisland
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