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Bio 12 Lesson 1.b
Cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| structures made of groups of flattened sacs used to store, package, and export proteins and other materials produced in the cell | Golgi apparatus/body |
| outer layer of plant cells that supports and protects cell | Cell Wall |
| a phospholipid bilayer with embedded globular proteins that controls the flow of matter in and out of the cell | Cell Membrane |
| long strands of DNA found within the nucleus of a cell | Chromatin (chromosomes/DNA) |
| One of the inward projections or folds of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. | cristae |
| all the material (fluid) outside the nucleus, other than the organelles | cytoplasm |
| internal framework of the cell made of microtubules, actin filaments, and intermediate filaments | cytoskeleton |
| lysosomes are vesicles filled with hydrolytic enzymes that help to digest food or break down old structures for recycling or removal | lysosomes |
| the inner fluid space in the mitochondria; contains DNA, ribosomes, and enzymes that break down carbohydrates to provide energy needed to produce ATP during cellular respiration | matrix |
| contains nuclear pores; controls the movement of materials into and out of the nucleus | nuclear envelope |
| opening in the nuclear envelope that permits the passage of proteins into the nucleus and ribosomal subunits out of the nucleus | nuclear pore |
| the dark, spherical area of the nucleus; aids in the production of rRNA (ribosomal RNA), a structural component of ribosomes | nucleolus |
| subcellular structures surrounded by membranes | organelles |
| string of ribosomes simultaneously translating regions of the same mRNA strand during protein synthesis; also called polyribosome | polysomes |
| structures found on rough ER (some are free floating) that assemble proteins | ribosomes |
| characterized by large numbers of ribosomes on its surface; it produces proteins that secreted by the cell | rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) |
| smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is responsible for the production of lipids, such as steroid hormones | smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) |
| a membrane-enclosed storage structure that is usually filled with water and chemicals | vacuoles |
| vesicles are small vacuoles used to transport materials | vesicle |
| plasma membrane |
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Onixa
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