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MolecularBiology14

QuestionAnswer
messenger RNA (mRNA) The RNA molecule specified by a gene that programs a ribosome to synthesize a specific polypeptide.
open reading frame (ORF) A sequence of DNA consisting of triplets that specifies a polypeptide starting with an initiation codon and ending with a termiantion codon.
codon A particular sequence of three adjacent nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid.
cistron A DNA segment corresponding to an open reading frame plus the translational start and stop signals for protein synthesis.
monocistronic one open reading frame
polycistronic multiple open reading frames
operon groups of genes in similar metabolic pathways
gene expression The transcription and translation processes through which genetic information is made into a product.
activator regulator that increases expression
repressor regulator that decreases expression (turns transcription off)
positive regulator (activator) A protein that stimulates the expression of a gene.
negative regulation Molecular regulation mechanism in which a repressor turns off the transcription of one or more genes.
Created by: yayitzlauren
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