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Bio212 Test 3
Diseases and Antibiotics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Selective Toxicity | The antibiotic is more likely to cause an effect to the microb than the host |
| Chemotherapy | The use of drugs or chemicals to treat a patient |
| Antibiotics | Natrually secreted to compete against other microbs |
| Broad Spectrum Antibiotics | Kills multiple different microbes |
| MIC: Mimimum Inhibitory Concentration | Shows the smallest amount of antibiotics i can use and still see an effect |
| Antimetabolites | Synthetic, designed to be structurally similar to cells used for metabolism |
| Sulfa Drugs | Mimics PABA |
| Trimethoprim | Inhibits DHFA; Low Selective Toxicity |
| Inhibitors of cytoplasmic Membranes | Target cell membranes; Low Selective Toxicity |
| Polymixin | Apply as a cream; example of Inhibitors of cytoplasmic membranes |
| Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis | Targets DNA & RNA; Low selective toxicity sometimes |
| Rifampin | Inhibits bacterial RNA Polymerase |
| Ciprofloxacin | Inhibits DNA gyrase, enzyme involved in super coiling DNA |
| Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis | Targets cell wall, High Selective Toxicity |
| Penicillin | Works well in low dosages, |
| Augmentin | Amoxicillin + Clavulinic Acid |
| Vancomycin | Disrupt + chain construction, trump card of antibiotics |
| Protein Synthesis Inhibitors | Disallows production of protein in all cells, low slective toxicity |
| Tetracycline | A protein synthesis inhibitor drug |
| Systemic | Can infect multiple systems |
| Staphylococcus aureus | Gram + clustered Sphered cells |
| Endocarditis | Affects the heart; damage to the inner lining Cause: Staphylococcus aureus |
| Septicemia | Blood poisioning; Sypmtoms:violent chills, shock Cause: Escherichia Coli |
| Escherichia Coli | Metallic green |
| Francisella tularensis | Comes from all wild animals |
| Tularemia (Rabit Fever) | Symptoms:Leads to punemonia; affects the lungs Cause: Francisella tularensis |
| Brucella abortus | Comes from the cattle |
| Undulant fever | Disease of cattle, get it from unpasterized milk Symptoms:Go away and come back repeatedly Cause: Brucella abortus |
| Bubonic Plague (Black Death) | 50-80% death rate Symptoms: fleas pass on bacteria Cause: Yersinia petis |
| Infectious mononucleosis | The kissing disease Symptoms:Sore throat,bubo-enlarged throat Cause:Virus |
| Yellow Fever | Common in South America, 50% mortality Symptoms:Nose and skin bleed, jaundice Cause:Virus |
| Meningitis | Affects the meninges Symptoms:Deafness, coma Cause:Neisseria meningitidis |
| Leprosy | Symptoms:Lost ability to sweat Cause:Myobacterium leprae |
| Polio myelitis | Get from ingestion of feces Symptoms:Stiff neck,lung deficency, affects motor nerves Cause:Viral |
| Rabies | Symptoms:Confusion, hallucination, apasm of the throat Cause:Rhabdo virus |
| Species | Structurally alike and can interbreed |
| Morphology | Looking at structural features |
| Metabolic Properties | Requirements for growth |
| Molecular Analysis | Expensive and requires special equipment; looks at DNA, RNA, and protein |
| DNA hybridization | If you heat up DNA it falls apart and vice versa |
| DNA Fingerprinting | Solves problems related to humans; uses Gel electrophoresis |
| DNA Analysis | SCans GC content |
| RNA Analysis | Sequences dont mutate much over time |
| Protein Analysis | Amino acid sequence; not reliable |
| Bergey's Manual Volume 1 | Includes Gram - cells involved in medical and industrial purposes |
| Bergey's Manual Volume 2 | Gram + cell excluding Actinomycetes |
| Bergey's Manual Volume 3 | Includes the rest of the Gram - cells not in Volume 1 including (Archebacteria, Cyanbacteria) |
| Bergey's Manual Volume 4 | Includes Actinomycetes Gram + Filamentous bacteria |
Created by:
newsoccer21
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