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Plant Anatomy
Chapter 3 - The Cell
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cytoplasm | the visibly least differentiated part of the protoplasm of a cell that constituents the groundmass enclosing all other components of the protoplast. |
| Nucleus | organelle in a eukaryotic cell bound by a double membrane and containing the chromosomes, nucleoli, and nucleoplasm |
| plastid | organelle with a double membrane in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotes. May be concerned with photosynthesis (chloroplasts) or starch storage (amyloplast), or contain yellow or orange pigments (chromoplasts). |
| Mitochondria | double membrane bound cell organelle concerned with respiration; carries enzymes and is the major source of ATP in nonphotosynthetic cells. |
| Microbodies | organelle bound by a single membrane and containing various enzymes except the hydrolytic. |
| Vaculoe | cavity within the cytoplasm filled with a watery fluid, the cell sap, and bound by a unit membrane , the tonoplast. |
| Tonoplast | a single cytoplasmic membranee bordering the vacuole. A kind of unit membrane. |
| Paramural Bodies | for all membranous structures associated with the plasmalemma. |
| ribosome | a cell component composed of protein and RNA and concerned with protein synthesis. Occurs in the cytoplasm, nucleus, plastids, and mitochondria. |
| Dictyosome | a membrane system composed of stacked cisternae each producing vesicles at the periphery; when hihly active in this process a cisterna may appear netted. Also called a golgi body and golgi apparatus. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | A system of membranes forming cisternoid or tubular compartments that permeate the cytoplasm. The cisternae appear like paired membranes in sectional profiles. The membranes may be coated with ribosomes or be free of ribosomes. |
| Microtubules | located in the cytoplasm in a nondividing eukaryotic cell, ususally near the cell wall and form the meiotic and mitotic spindle and the phragmoplast in a dividing cell. |
| plasmodesma | a connection of ptrotoplasts of two contiguous cells through a canal in the cell wall. Consists of plasmalemma lining the canal, a central desmotubule connecting two endoplasmic reticulum cisternae located at the two opposite openings of the canal. |
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