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Unit 11-DNA

Flashcards for Unit 11

QuestionAnswer
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid, the main genetic material found in the cells’ nucleus only
RNA ribonucleic acid, genetic material found in the nucleus and cytoplasm
Nucleotide basic unit of DNA and RNA, made up of a sugar, phosphate group and nitrogen base
phosphate group a component of a nucleotide, it is an oxyegen molecule surrounded by phosphorus
ribose the five carbon sugar found in RNA
deoxyribose the five carbon sugar found in DNA
adenine a nitrogen base found in DNA and RNA, will bond only with thymine or uracil
thymine a nitrogen base found only in DNA, will bond only with adenine
guanine a nitrogen base found in DNA or RNA, will bond only with cytosine
cytosine a nitrogen base found in DNA or RNA, will bond only with guanine
uracil a nitrogen base found only in RNA, will bond with adenine
double helix the shape of a DNA molecule
hydrogen bond an attraction found in organic compounds between hydrogen and other elements
replication DNA makes copies of itself so a cell can divide
DNA polymerase the enzyme that adds bases during DNA replication
Transcription the process where an RNA message is made from a DNA template
RNA polymerase the enzyme that adds bases to RNA during transcription
Codon a group of three DNA bases that codes for one amino acid
Translation the process where a protein is made from the code read from an RNA template
Mutation a change in DNA that leads to a wrong protein being made
point mutation a change in one base of a DNA molecule
chromosome mutation a gross change to a large piece of DNA
Created by: mrmpellegrino
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