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2.3 Biomolecules
Biomolecules found in living things
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| polymer | chain of monomers |
| organic | has carbon |
| macro- | large |
| carbohydrate | sugar, word ends in -ose |
| monosaccharides | simplest of the sugars |
| sucrose | table sugar |
| monomer | building block |
| glycogen | sugar found in muscles and liver of animals |
| starch | sugar found in plants |
| cellulose | found in plant cell walls |
| fats | solid at room temperature |
| oils | liquid at room temperature |
| waxes | in ears, on leaves, in bee honeycomb |
| steroids | hormones like testosterone or estrogen, venoms & poisons |
| lipid | long term energy storage offer protection from drying out |
| protein | meat, builds muscles & organs |
| amino acids | there are 20 different kinds, made up of 3 parts |
| examples of amino acids | organs, muscles, skin, hair, fingernails |
| peptides bonds | hold the monomers that make up proteins,amino acids, another name: polypeptides |
| antibodes | help fight disease |
| enzymes | control chemical reaction rates |
| hemoglobin | transports oxygen in the blood |
| DNA | nucleic acid, double stranded helix, deoxyribonucleic acid, A T C G |
| RNA | helps make proteins, A U C G |
| Lipid | not water soluble, long term energy storage, insulation, main component of cell membrane |
| nucleotides | made up of three parts: phosphate group, sugar, nitrogen base |
| uni-, mono- | one |
| di-, bi- | two |
| tri-, mult-, poly- | 3 or many |
| anti- | against |