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Ecology ch3-6
What is ecology?
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is ecology? | Ecology is the study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment |
| The non-living parts of an organism's environment. | Abiotic |
| Biotic | All living organisms that inhabitat an environment |
| organisms | otherwise known as species |
| population | all members of one species in an area |
| community | all populations in a given area |
| ecosystem | community + the nonliving factors (abiotic) |
| biome | ecosystems with simular climate and simular dominant communities |
| biosphere | biotic + abiotic factors of the entire earth |
| producers/autotrophs | 1st level of any food chain |
| ultimate source of life | sun |
| photosynthesis | plants use of the sun's energy to manufactor food |
| consumers/heterotrophs | an organism that cannot make its own food and feeds on others |
| Herbivore | feed only on plants |
| carbivore | animals that eat only other animals |
| scanvangers/detrivores | eat only dead plants and animals |
| decomposers | break down the complex compounds of dead and decaying plants and animals into simpler molecules that can be more easily absorbed |
| food chain | a simple model that scientists use to show how matter and energy move through an ecosystem |
| a portion of energy is given off in the form of ______. | heat |
| food web | more complex and more realistic example that shows how matteral and energy move through an ecosystem |
| ecological pyramid | shows the amount of energy or matter in an ecosystem & tropic level |
| water cycle | how water moves between atmosphere and earth |
| carbon cycle | major processes are photosynthesis and cellular respiration |
| nitrogen sysle | bateria play many key roles in movement of nitrogen |
| phosphorus cycle | mosk phosphorus is found in rock. Weathering of rock moves it to the soil, then it is take up by plant roots-plants are eaten by animals-animals die and decay back into the soil |
| limiting nutrient | a needed nutrient is in short supply will affect growth and reproduction of organisms |