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Bi 301 A&P PSU
Muscle OIAs - all
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sternothyroid | Origin: manubrium of sternum and 1st costal cartilage Insertion: thyroid cartilage of larynx Action: depresses larynx and hyoid |
| Thyrohyoid | Origin: thyroid cartilage of larynx Insertion: hyoid Action: depresses hyoid and elevates thyroid cartilage |
| Stylohyoid | Origin: styloid process of temporal bone Insertion: hyoid Action: elevates larynx |
| Geniohyoid | Origin: medial surface of mandible Insertion: hyoid Action: elevates larynx and pulls hyoid anteriorly |
| Genioglossus | Origin: medial surface of mandible Insertion: body of tongue and hyoid bone Action: depresses and protracts tongue |
| Hyoglossus | Origin: body of hyoid Insertion: side of tongue Action: depresses and retracts tongue |
| Masseter | Origin: zygomatic arch Insertion: lateral ramus of mandible Action: elelvates manddible |
| Temporalis | Origin: temporal fossa Insertion: coronoid process of mandible Action: elelvates mandible |
| Mylohyoid | Origin: myohoid line of mandible Insertion: hyoid Action: elevates hyoid and floor of mouth; depresses mandible |
| Digastric: Anterior Belly | Origin: inferior border of mandible Insertion: hyoid via intermediate tendon Action: elevates larynx and depresses mandible |
| Digastric: Posterior Belly | Origin: mastoid region of temporal bone Insertion: hyoid via intermediate tendon Action: elevates larynx and depresses mandbile; pulls hyoid anteriorly |
| Platysma | Origin: superior thorax Insertion: inferior border of mandible and skin of cheek Action: depresses mandible and tenses skin of neck |
| Orbicularis Oris | Origin: maxilla and mandible Insertion: mucosa of lips Action: closes and purses lips |
| Zygomaticus Major | Origin: zygomatic bone Insertion: angle of mouth Action: elevates and retracts corner of mouth |
| Mentalis | Origin: mandible of chin Insertion: skin of chin Action: elevates and protrudes lower lip |
| Orbicularis Oculi | Origin: bones of medial orbit Insertion: skin around eyelid Action: closes eye |
| Risorius | Origin: fascia of cheek Insertion: angle of mouth Action: draws corner of mouth laterally |
| Buccinator | Origin: lateral aspects of maxilla and mandible Insertion: orbicularis oris Action: compresses cheek |
| Epicranius Occipitalis | Origin: occipital bone and mastoid process Insertion: epicranial aponeurosis Action: retracts scalp |
| Epicranius Frontalis | Origin: epicranial aponeurosis Insertion: skin of eyebrow Action: wrinkle forehead and elevates eyebrow |
| Sternocleidomastoid | Origin: manubrium of sternum and clavicle Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line Action: flexes and rotates head |
| Longissmus Capitis | Origin: transverse processes of inferior cervical and superior thoracic vertebrae Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone Action: extends, rotates and laterally flexes head |
| Semispinalis Capitis | Origin: articulating processes of inferior cervical and transverse processes of superior throacic vertebrae Insertion: between superior and inferior nuchal lines of occipital bone Action: extends and laterally flexes head |
| Splenius Capitus | Origin: superior processes of inferior cervical and superior thoracic vertebrae Insertion: occipital bone, mastoid process of temporal bone and superior cervical vertebrae Action: extends, laterally flexes and rotates head |
| Omohyoid | Origin: superior border of scapula Insertion: hyoid Action: depresses larynx and hyoid |
| Sternohyoid | Origin: manubrium of sternum and clavicle Insertion: hyoid Action: depresses larynx and hyoid |
| Pectoralis minor | Origin: anterior-superior surfaces of ribs 3-5 Insertion: coracoid process of scapula Action: depresses and protracts shoulder; rotates scapula downward; elevates ribs |
| Serratus Anterior | Origin: anterior and superior margins of ribs 1-8/9 Insertion: anaterior surface of vertebral border of scapula Action: protracts shoulder; rotates scapula upward |
| Trapezius | Origin: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae Insertion: clavicle; acromion process and spine of scapula Action: elevates, retracts, depresses and rotates scapula upward; elevates clavicle; extends neck |
| Levator scapulae | Origin: transverse processes of first ofur cervical vertebrae Insertion: medial border of scapula Action: elevates scapula |
| Rhomboid major | Origin:spinous processes of superior thoracic vertebrae Insertion: medial border of scapula, near spine Action: adducts scapula and performs downward rotation |
| Rhomboid minor | Origin: spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T1 Insertion: medial border of scapula near spine Action: adducts scapula and performs downward rotation |
| Subclavius | Origin: R1 Insertion: Inferior border of the clavicle Action: depresses and protracts shoulder |
| Pectoralis major | Origin: cartilages of ribs 2-6, body of sternum and inferior, medial portion of clavicle Insertion: crest of greater tubercle and lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus Action: flexion, adduction and medial rotation at shoulder |
| Latissimus dorsi | Origin: Spinous processes of inferior thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, R's 8-12 and thoracolumbar fascia Insertion: Floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus Action: Extension, adduction and medial rotation at shoulder |
| Deltoid | Origin: clavicle, acromion process and spine of scapula Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: abduction at shoulder; flexion and medial rotation; extension and lateral rotation |
| Supraspinatus | Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Action: abduction at shoulder |
| Infraspinatus | Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Action: lateral rotation at shoulder |
| Teres major | Origin: inferior angle of scapula Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus Action:extension, adduction and medial rotation at shoulder |
| Teres minor | Origin: lateral border of scapula Insertion: greter tubercle of humerus Action: lateral rotation at shoulder |
| Subscapularis | Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus Action: medial rotation at shoulder |
| Coracobrachialis | Origin: Coracoid process of the scapula Insertion: medial margin of shaft of humerus Action: adduction and flexion at shoulder |
| Biceps brachii - short head | Origin: coracoid process of the scapula Insertion: radial tuberosity Action: flexion at elbow and shoulder; supination |
| Biceps brachii - long head | Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula Insertion: radial tuberosity Action: flexion at elbow and shoulder; supination |
| Brachialis | Origin: anterior, distal surface of humerus Insertion: ulnar tuberosity Action: flexion at elbow |
| Brachioradialis | Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: lateral aspect of styloid process of radius Action:flexion at elbow |
| Triceps brachii - lateral head | Origin: superior, lateral margin of humerus Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna Action: extension at elbow |
| Triceps brachii - long head | Origin: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Insertion: olecranon process of ulna Action: extension at elbow; extension and adduction at the shoulder |
| Triceps brachii - medial head | Origin: posteroir surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna Action: extension at elbow |
| Anconeus | Origin: posterior, inferior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: lateral margin of olecranon process on ulna Action: extension at elbow |
| Pronator quadratus | Origin: anterior and medial surfaces of distal portion of ulna Insertion:anterolatral surface of distal portion of radius Action: Pronation |
| Pronator teres | Origin: meidal epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna Insertion: midlateral surface of radius Action: pronation |
| Supinator | Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, annular ligament and ridge near radial notch of ulna Insertion: anterolateral surface of radius distal to the radial tuberosity Action: supination |
| Flexor carpi radialis | Origin:medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: bases of second and thirds MCs Action: flexion and abduction at wrist |
| Flexor carpi ulnaris | Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus; adjacent medial surface of olecranon and anteromedial portion of ulna Insertion: pisiform, hamate and base of 5th MC Action: flexion and adduction at wrist |
| Palmaris longus | Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum Action: flexion at wrist |
| Extensor carpi radialis longus | Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: base of 2nd MC Action: extension and abduction at wrist |
| Extensor carpi radialis brevis | Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: base of 3rd MC Action: extension and abduction at wrist |
| Extensor carpi ulnaris | Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus; adjacent dorsal surface of ulan Insertion: base of 5th MC Action: extension and aduction at wrist |
| Extensor digitorum | Origin: lateral epicondyle of humreus Insertion: posterior surface of phalanges 2-5 Action: extension at finger joint and wrist |
| Rectus abdominis | Origin: superior surface of pubis around symphysis Insertion: inferior surfaces of costal cartilages (R5-R7) and xiphoid process Action: depresses ribs, flexes vertebral column, compresses abdomen |
| Spinalis thoracis | Origin: spinous processes of inferior thoracic and superior lumbar vertebrae Insertion: spinous processes of superior thoracic vertebrae Action: extends vertebral column |
| Longissmus thoracis | Origin: broad aponeurosis and transverse processes of inferior thoracic and superior lumbar vertebrae; joins iliocostalis Insertion: transverse processes of superior vertebrae and inferior surfaces of ribs Action: extends vertebral column; lateral flexion |
| Iliocostalis thoracis | Origin: superior borders of inferior 7 ribs medial to angles Insertion: upper ribs and transverse process of C7 Action: stablilizes thoracic vertebrae in extension |
| Multifidus | Origin: sacrum and transverse processes of each vertebra Insertion: spinous processes of the 3rd and 4th more superior vertebrae Action: extends verteral column and rotates toward opposite side |
| Quadratus lumborum | Origin: Iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament Insertion: last rib and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae Action: depresses ribs; alone, each side laterally flexes vertebral column |
| External oblique | Origin: R5-12 Insertion: iliac crest, linea alba Action: compresses abdomen, depresses ribs, flexes spine |
| Internal oblique | Origin: iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia Insertion: linea alba, xiphoid process, inferior ribs Action: compresses abdomen, depresses ribs, flexes spine |
| Transversus abdominis | Origin: iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia & cartilages of R6-12 Insertion: linea alba, pubis Action: compresses abdomen |
| Pyramidilis | Origin: pubic crest anterior to origin of rectus abdominis Insertion: lower linea alba Action: reinforces lower rectus sheath |
| External intercostals | Origin: inferior border of each rib Insertion: superior border of rib below Action: elevates ribs |
| Internal intercostals | ORigin: superior border of each rib Insertion: inferior border of rib above Action: depresses ribs |
| Iliacus | Origin: iliac fossa Insertion: lesser trochanter of femus Action: flexion at hip |
| Psoas major | Origin: transverse processes of vertebrae T12-L5 Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur Action: flexion at hip |
| Pectineus | Origin: superior ramus of pubis Insertion: pectineal line of femur Action: adducts, flexes and rotates thigh medially |
| Adductor longus | Origin: inferior ramus of pubis - anterior part Insertion: linea aspera of femur Action: adducts, flexes and rotates thigh medially |
| Adductor brevis | Origin: inferior ramus of pubis - middle Insertion: linea aspera of femur Action: adducts, flexes and rotates thigh medially |
| Adductor magnus | Origin: inferior ramus of pubis posterior to adductor brevis & ischial tuberosity Insertion: linea aspear and adducotr tubercle of femur Action: adduction at hip, flexion and medial rotation of thigh, extension and lateral rotation of thigh |
| Gracilis | ORigin: inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: proximal medial surface of tibia Action: adducts and medially rotates thigh, flexes leg at knee |
| Sartorius | Origin: anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: proximal medial surface of tibia Action: flexes thigh & leg at knee; laterally rotates thigh |
| Tensor fascia latae | Origin: anterior iliac crest and superior iliac spine Insertion: iliotibial tract/band Action: flexes and medially rotates thigh; laterally supports knee through tensing fascia lata |
| Gluteus maximus | Origin: iliac crest, posterior gluteal line, ilium, sacrum, coccyx & thoracolumbar fascia Insertion: Iliotibial tract & gluteal tuberosity of femur Action: extension & lateral rotation at hip |
| Gluteus medius | Origin: anteror iliac crest, lateral surface between posterior and anterior gluteal lines Insertion: greater trochanter of femur Action: abduction and medial rotation at hip |
| Gluteus minimus | Origin: lateral surface of ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal line Insertion: greater trochanter of femur Action: abduction and medial rotation at hip |
| Pififormis | Origin: anterolateral surface of sacrum Insertion: greater trochanter of femur Action: laterally rotates and abducts thigh |
| Quadratus femoris | Origin: lateral border of ischial tuberosity Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur Action: laterally rotates and adducts thigh |
| Rectus femoris | Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine, superior rim of acetabulum Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity Action: extends leg at knee; flexion at hip |
| Vastus lateralis | Origin: greater trochanter & proximal half of linea aspera of femur Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity Action: extends leg at knee |
| Vastus medialis | Origin: linea aspera of femur Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity Action: extends leg at knee |
| Vastus intermedius | Origin: anterior & lateral surfaces of femur & distal 1/2 of linea aspera Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity Action: extends leg at knee |
| Biceps femoris | Origin: ischial tuberosity & linea aspera of femur Insertion: head of fibula & lateral condyle of tibia Action: flexes leg at knee, extends & laterally rotates thigh |
| Semitendinosus | Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: proximal medial surface of tibia Action: flexes leg at knee, extends & medially rotates thigh |
| Semimembranosus | Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: medial condyle of tibia Action: flexes leg at knee, extends & medially rotates thigh |
| Tibialis anterior | Origin: lateral condyle & proximal shaft of tibia Insertion: base of 1st MT & medial cuneiform bone Action: dorsiflexion at ankle; inversion of foot |
| Extensor hallucis longus | Origin: anterior surface of fibula Insertion: superior surface of distal phalanx 1 Action: extends hallux |
| Extensor digitorum longus | Origin: lateral condyle of tibia & anterior surface of fibula Insertion: superior surfaces of distal phalanges 2-5 Action: extends toes 2-5 |
| Fibularis longus | Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, head & proximal shaft of fibula Insertion: MT 1 & medial cuneiform Action: plantar flexes and everts foot |
| Fibularis brevis | Origin: midlateral margin of fibula Insertion: MT 5 Action: plantar flexes and everts foot |
| Fibularis tertius | Origin: distal anterior surface of fibula Insertion: dorsal surface of MT 5 Action: Dorsiflexes and everts foot |
| Gastrocnemius | Origin: lateral & medial condyles of femur Insertion: calcaneus Action: flexes leg at kneww, plantar flexes & inverts foot |
| Soleus | Origin: head & proximal shaft of fibula; adj. posteromedial shaft of tibia Insertion: calcaneus Action: plantar flexes foot |
| Plantaris | Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of femur Insertion: calcaneus Action: plantar flexes foot & flexes leg at knee |
| Popliteus | Origin: lateral condyle of femur Insertion: proximal posterior surface of tibia Action: flexes and medially rotates leg at knee |
| Tibialis posterior | Origin: interosseous membrane & adj. shafts of tibia & fibula Insertion: tarsals & MTs 2-4 Action: plantar flexes, inverts & adducts foot |
| Flexor digitorum longus | ORigin: posteromedial surface of tibia Insertion: inferior surfaces of distal phalanges 2-5 Action: flexes toes 2-5 |
| Flexor hallucis longus | Origin: posterior surface of fibula Insertion: inferior surface of distal phalanx 1 Action: flexes hallux |
Created by:
mackmer
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