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Vocab Genetics

QuestionAnswer
Allele each form of a gene
Dominant Trait Stronger trait in genetics (uses a capital letter)
Gene one set of instructions for an inherited trait
Chromosome organelle that directs activities of the cell & passes it on to new cells (contains genes)
Genotype genetic makeup of an organism
Heredity passing on of traits from one generation to another
Hybrid (Heterozygous) organism with two different alleles for a particular trait (Example: Tt)
Incomplete Dominance occurs when a gene is neither dominant nor recessive (genes blend)
Phenotype visible physical characteristics of an organism
Probability the possibility that an event will take place
Purebred (Homozygous) organism with two of the same genes for a partiular trait (Examples: TT, tt)
Recessive weaker trait in genetics that may be hidden,represented with a lower case letter
Gregor Mendel Father of Genetics
Punnett Square chart that shows the possible gene (allele) combinations in a cross
Homozygous Purebred
Heterozygous Hybrid
genetic engineering manipulating individual genes within an organism
mutation change in genes or chromosomes that cause a new trait to be inherited
pedigree a diagram that shows the occurence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.
probability the possibility that an event will take place
meiosis process by which sex cells are produced. At the end of the process sex cells have 1/2 the number of chromosomes
xx Genotype for human female
xy genotype for human male
sex-linked traits traits that are passed on from parent of offspring on the x chromsome
adenine the nitrogen base that always partners up with thymine
guanine the nitrogen base that always parterns up with cytosine
cytosine nitrogen base that always pairs up with guanine
thymine the nitrogen base that always pairs up with adenine
Created by: jmebuckley
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