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WM Biology Chapter10

Vocab Words from Chapter 10

QuestionAnswer
Allele Alternative forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism.
Dominant Observed trait of an organism that masks the recessive form of a trait.
Fertilization Fusion of male and female gametes.
Gamete Male and female sex cells; sperm and eggs.
Genetics Branch of biology that studies heredity.
Genotype Combination of genes in an organism.
Heredity Passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring.
Heterozygous When there are two different alleles for a trait.
Homozygous When there are two identical alleles for a trait.
Hybrid Offspring formed by parents having different forms of a trait.
Law of Independent Assortment Mendalian principle stating that genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other.
Law of segregation this states that every individual has two alleles of each gene and when gametes are produced, each gamete receives one of these alleles.
phenotype the way an organism looks and behaves
pollination the transfer of pollen grains from a male reproductive organ to a female reproductive organ in a plant
recessive trait of an organism that can be masked by the dominant form of a trait
trait characteristic that is inherited can be either dominant or recessive
zygote diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg
crossing over exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids from homologous chromosomes during prophase i of meiosis; results in a new allele combinationsd
diploid cell with two of each kind of chromosome; is said to contain a diploid or 2n, number of chromosomes
egg haploid female sex cell produced by meiosis
genetic recombination major source of genetic variation among organisms caused by reassormnet or crossing over during meiosis
Created by: TBrylewski
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