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Nutrition Ch. 8

Energy Balance & Weight Regulation

QuestionAnswer
METABOLISM CHEMICAL REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE IN THE BODY
ENERGY METABOLISM CHEMICAL REACTIONS THAT ENABLE CELLS TO STORE AND USE ENERGY FROM NUTRIENTS
METABOLIC PATHWAY A SERIES OF INTERRELATED ENZYME-CATALYZED CHEMICAL REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE IN CELLS
SUBSTRATE A MOLECULE THAT ENTERS A CHEMICAL REACTION
PRODUCT A MOLECULE PRODUCED IN A CHEMICAL REACTION
INTERMEDIATE PRODUCT A PRODUCT FORMED BEFORE A METABOLIC PATHWAY REACHES COMPLETION, OFTEN SERVING AS A SUBSTRATE IN THE NEXT CHEMICAL REACTION
END PRODUCT THE FINAL PRODUCT IN A METABOLIC PATHWAY
CATABOLIC PATHWAY A SERIES OF METABOLIC REACTIONS THAT BREAK DOWN COMPLEX MOLECULES INTO SIMPLER ONES, OFTEN RELEASING ENERGY IN THE PROCESS
ANABOLIC PATHWAY A SERIES OF METABOLIC REACTIONS THAT REQUIRE ENERGY TO MAKE COMPLEX MOLECULES FROM SIMPLER ONES
ACTIVE SITE AN AREA ON AN ENZYME THAT BINDS SUBSTRATES IN A CHEMICAL REACTION
ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX A SUBSTRATE ATTACHED TO AN EZYME'S ACTIVE SITE
COFACTOR A NONPROTEIN COMPONENT OF AN ENZYME, OFTEN A MINERAL, NEEDED FOR ITS ACTIVITY
COENZYME ORGANIC MOLECULE, OFTEN DERIVED FROM VITAMINS, NEEDED FOR ENZYMES TO FUNCTION
NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE (NAD+) THE OXIDIZED FORM OF THE COENZYME THAT IS ABLE TO ACCEPT 2 ELECTRONS AND 2 HYDROGEN IONS, FORMING NADH+H+
FLAVIN ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE (FAD) THE OXIDIZED FORM OF THE COENZYME THAT IS ABLE TO ACCEPT 2 ELECTRONS AND 2 HYDROGEN IONS, FORMING NADPH+H+
NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOPHATE (NADP+) THE OXIDIZED FORM OF THE COENZYME THAT IS ABLE TO ACCEPT 2 ELECTRONS AND 2 HYDROGEN IONS, FORMING NADPH+H+
COUPLED REACTIONS CHEMICAL REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE SIMULTANEOUSLY OFTEN INVOLVING THE OXIDATION OF ONE MOLECULE AND THE
DEHYDROGENASE A TYPE OF ENZYME THAT CATALYZES THE REMOVAL AND TRANSFER OF ELECTRONS AND HYDROGEN ATOMS BETWEEN ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
SUBSTRATE PHOSPHORYLATION
Created by: abenj
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