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Reproduction Vocab

This is a list of some of the major vocab in the reproduction unit.

QuestionAnswer
Asexual Reproduction Making exact copies of an organism (budding, regeneration)
Nucleotide bond together to make nucleic acids such as DNA
Replication making an exact copy of something
Mitosis one cell dividing into two twin cells
Cancer uncontrolled cell mitosis
Meiosis creation of sperm & egg cells that are all different from one another
Diploid (2n) a cell with a full set of chromosomes (46 chromosomes for humans)
Haploid (n) a cell with half of a set of chromosomes (23 chromosomes for humans)
Gamete sex cell (sperm or egg)
Scrotum controls the temperature of the testes for sperm production
Prostate Gland/seminal vesicles secrete (create) fluid that mixes with the sperm to aid in travel
ovary creates eggs, estrogen and progesterone
uterus builds and sheds its lining during menstruation; site where the baby develops
oviduct/fallopian tube tube where egg travels from ovary to uterus
menstruation shedding of the uterine lining
ovulation release of the egg from the ovary
fertilization sperm and egg meet to make a zygote
zygote the one diploid cell created from fertilization
cleavage a zygote dividing by mitosis to become many cells during development
differentiation cells using only certain parts of their 46 chromosomes and therefore begin to look and function differently
amniocentesis a test that takes amniotic fluid to test fetal cells for genetic abnormalities
egg the female haploid gamete
embryo stage of fetal development after differentiation and before the fetus.
estrogen female hormone that provides negative feedback to FSH and also promotes the thickening of the uterine lining.
external fertilization sperm and egg meet outside of the body...often occurs in fish
fetus stage of fetal development after the embryo and before birth of the baby
internal fertilization sperm and egg meet inside the body
negative feedback loop interaction of two hormones where one hormone stops the creation of another hormone
placenta series of blood vessels where materials are EXCHANGED between mother and baby
progesterone female hormone that provides negative feedback to LH and also promotes the thickening of the uterine lining.
sex cells gametes such as sperm and egg
sexual reproduction requires sperm and egg and results in a unique individual
sperm male haploid gamete
testes production of sperm and testosterone occurs here
testosterone the male hormone that causes male sex characteristics
ultrasound using sound waves, a visual image of a fetus is created to search for abnormalities in growth
umbilical cord where materials travel from baby to placenta.
Created by: mbiata@rhnet.org
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