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EMT-P Pharmacology
Drug - classes and actions
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Schedule I | High Abuse Potential No Recognized Medical Use Heroin/LSD/Mescaline |
Schedule II | Written Prescription Required High Abuse Potential Codeine/Morphine/Meperidine Amphetamines/Phenmetrazine |
Schedule III | High Abuse Potential Prescription Required Opiates/Stimulants/Depressants/Anabolic Steroids |
Schedule IV | Prescription Required Low Abuse Potential Opiates/Stimulants/Depressants |
Schedule V | Dispensed as any non-opiate Prescription Low Abuse Potential |
Assay | Test that determines the amount and purity of a drug |
Bioequivalent | Relative therapeutic effectiveness of chemically equivalent drugs |
Drug Absorption | Dependent on: 1.Solubility of drug 2.Concentration 3.Ph of drug 4.Site of absorption 5.Absorption area of site 6.Blood supply to area 7.Bioavailability |
Distribution | Affected by: 1.Cardiovascular function 2.Regional blood flow 3.Drug storage reservoirs 4.Physiological barriers |
Biotransformation | Name given to the metabolism of drugs Has one of two effects on drugs: 1.transforms the drug into a more or less active metabolite 2.Makes the drug more water soluble to facilitate excretion |
First Pass Effect | Process by which enteral drugs are absorbed via the GI track and through the liver, partially or completely inactivating the drug. |
Elimination | Process of eliminating the drugs Affected by: 1.Drugs Half-life 2.Accumulation of the drug 3.Clearance 4.Onset, Peak and Duration |
Half-Life | Time required for the total amount of a drug to be diminished by one-half. |
Accumulation | Through re-administration of maintenance doses, achieves a steady state of drug availability, although fluctuates within a given range |
Clearance | Refers to the removal of a drug from the body |
Onset of action | Time when sufficient amount of a drug is absorbed and distributed to obtain therapeutic effects |
Peak Concentration | As more drug is absorbed, more is distributed and available to obtain therapeutic effects - Peak Concentration |
Duration of Action | Is the length of time that drug concentration is sufficient enough to produce the therapeutic effect |
Affinity | The force of attraction between a drug and a receptor |
Efficacy | The ability of a drug to cause the expected response |