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Mr. D's Cell Final
All review information for 6th grade Cell Biology Final
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the function of a nucleus? | Controls the function of a cell. |
What is the function of the nucleolus? | Produces Ribosome. |
What is the function of a chromosome? | Controls growth and reproduction. |
What is the function of a ribosome? | Produces proteins. |
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? | Transports proteins throughout the cell. |
What is the function of the golgi complex? | Packages proteins. |
What is the function of the cytoplasm? | Jelly-like fluid that supports the organelles within a cell. |
What is the function of a the cell membrane? | Controls movement into and out of the cell. |
What is the function of a lysosome? | Removes waste from the cell. |
What is the function of a vacuole? | Stores water, waste and other raw materials. |
What is the function of the mitochondria? | Provides energy to the cell. |
What is the function of a chloroplast? | The location of photosynthesis in a plant cell. |
What is the function of a cell wall? | Provides support and protection to plant cells. |
What is the primary shape of a plant cell and how does this compare to an animal cell? | Plants are rectangular while animals are circular. |
What process can plant cells do that animal cells cannot? | Plants can perform photosynthesis while animals cannot. |
Which organelle do plants have only a large one vs. animals have many small ones? | Vacuole |
What provides plants support and protection but is missing in animal cells? | a cell wall. |
What is a eukaryotic cell? | a cell with a nucleus such as plant and animal cells. |
What is a prokaryotic cell? | cells without nucleus such as bacteria. |
What are extremophile cells? | cells that live in extreme environments such as salt-loving, heat-loving and methane-making bacteria. |
Who discovered cells? | Hooke |
Who discovered that plants are made of cells? | Schleiden |
Who discovered that animals are made of cells? | Schwann |
Who discovered single cell organisms? | Leuwenhoek |
Who disproved sponaneous generation? | Pasteur |
Who discovered that cells come from pre-existing cells? | Virchow |
What does the cell theory say about where cells come from? | Cells come from other cells. |
What does the cell theory say is the basic unit of life? | the cell |
What is the smallest number of cells needed for an organism to be alive? | one |
Over many generations polar bears grow bigger feet to allow it to easily walk on ice, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can adapt. |
When a bee gets angry when it's hive is disturbed, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can respond/react. |
When a female dog has puppies, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can reproduce. |
When a human starts as a baby but becomes an adult, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can grow and develop. |
Schleiden and Schwann proved that plants and animals are made of these. This is what type of living characteristic? | Living things are made of cells. |
When wolves attack cattle (cows) for food, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can obtain and use energy. |
Prokaryotic cells | do not have a nucleus |
Eukaryotic cells | have a nucleus |
Most abundant cell on earth | Prokaryotic cells; bacteria |
Animals and plants are this type of cell | Eukaryotic |
3 types of archeabacteria | methane-making, heat-loving, salt-loving |
Which cell is larger, prokaryotic or eukaryotic? why? | Eukaryotic becuase it can be multi-cellular |
what does multi-cellular mean? | More than 1 cell |
What is osmosis? | the diffusion of water |
What is diffusion? | The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration. |
What does semi-permeable mean? | Only certain things can get in or out. |
Which organelle is semi-permeable? | the cell membrane. |
List the 6 stages of the cell cycle. | Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis |
The "resting" phase of mitosis | Interphase |
Nucleus breaks apart; chromosomes look like a bowl of spaghetti | Prophase |
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. | Metaphase |
Chromosomes move to each side of the cell. Copied ones on a side and original on the other side. | Anaphase |
Nucleus begins to reform around each set of chromosomes. | Telophase |
Cell pinches off creating two new daughter cells. | Cytokinesis |
sexual reproduction | two parent reproduction resulting in different offspring. |
asexual reproduction | single parent reproduction resulting in identical offspring. |
sexual reproduction advantage | offspring are different |
sexual reproduction disadvantage | slow process taking months to create offspring |
asexual reproduction advantage | fast process taking minutes to hours to create offspring |
asexual reproduction disadvantage | offspring are identical |