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Modern Biology Ch 3

Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Organic compounds Something made primarily of carbon atoms,
Functional group Cluster of atoms
Monomers Molecule that consist of one linked unit
Polymer Molecule that consists of repeated linked units
Macromolecules Large polymers
Condensation reaction Monomers link to form polymers through a chemical reaction
Hydrolysis When waters used to break down a polymer
ATP Certain compound that stores a large amount of Energy in their overall structure
Carbohydrates Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen in a ratio of about one carbon atom to two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen atoms
Monosaccharides Monomer of a carbohydrate
Disaccharide A double sugar
Polysaccharide Complex molecule composed of three or more monosaccharides
Proteins Organic compounds composed mainly of carbon hydrogen, oxygen,
Amino acids Linkage of monomers
Peptide bond Two amino acids form a covalent bond
Polypeptides Very long chains
Enzymes RNA or protein molecules that act as biological catalysts
Substrate The reaction being catalyzed
Active site Enzyme that has folds
Lipids Large, non-polar organic molecules
Fatty acids Unbranched carbon chains that make up most lipids
Phospholipids having two rather than three fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol
Wax Type of structural lipid consisting of a long fatty acid chain joined to a long alcohol chain
Steroid Composed of four fused carbon rings with various functional groups attached to them
Nucleic acids Very large &complex organic molecules that store & transfer important info. In the cell
DNA Info. That determines characteristics of an organism & directs it's cel activities
RNA Stores & transfers info. From DNA that's essential to manufacturing of proteins
Nucleotide Made of three main components; phosphate group. Five-carbon sugar, & ring-shaped nitrogenous base
Created by: LindaMarie
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