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General Cell Vocab

1st ESO cell vocab

TermDefinition
Cell membrane A thin layer that surrounds the cell and controls what enters and leaves
Cytoplasm A jelly-like substance inside the cell where organelles are found.
Nucleus The control centre of the cell. It contains DNA.
DNA The genetic material that contains instructions for the cell.
Nuclear membrane The membrane that surrounds and protects the nucleus.
Nucleolus A structure inside the nucleus that helps make ribosomes.
Mitochondria Organelles that release energy from food for the cell.
Ribosomes Small structures that make proteins.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) A network of membranes that helps make and transport substances.
Rough ER Endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes attached.
Smooth ER Endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes. It makes lipids.
Golgi apparatus Modifies, sorts and packages proteins and other substances.
Lysosomes Organelles that break down waste and old cell parts.
Vacuole A storage space for water and other substances.
Chloroplasts Organelles that carry out photosynthesis in plant cells.
Chlorophyll The green pigment that absorbs light for photosynthesis.
Cell wall A strong outer layer that protects and supports plant cells.
Cytoskeleton A network of fibres that gives the cell shape and helps it move.
Vesicles Small sacs that transport or store substances inside cells.
Centrioles Structures that help organise cell division in many animal cells.
Created by: cplawson
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