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U3T1 Vocab

Kouture B

TermDefinition
DNA A type of nucleic acid, a macromolecule that stores genetic information
Genome The collection of all your DNA
Gene A gene gives a cell all the instructions for making a protein
Nucleotides Each DNA nucleotide has a 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogen bases: A (adenine), T (thymine), C (cytosine), or G (guanine)
Base pairs These bases pair up in a very specific way between two DNA strands: A always pairs with T, and C always pairs with G. These are called base pairs
DNA replication A cell makes a copy of its DNA before it can divide by mitosis
Transcription A gene in the DNA is copied into a different molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid)
mRNA mRNA is like a photocopy of the gene it carries the instructions out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm
tRNA Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid and has a special three-letter code called an anticodon
RNA When a gene in the DNA is copied into a different molecule
Ribosome The cells protein factory
Amino acid The building blocks of protein
Cytoplasm The jelly like area outside the nucleus where the rest of the cell’s work happens
Codon A three letter code on the mRNA
Created by: user-2051844
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