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NURS202 Exam III Pt1
Altered Cognitive Processes-Smelzer and Townsend
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do age changes alter pharmokinetics? | absorption,metabolism,distribution,excretion may cause increased risk for adverse side effects affecting the cognitive and sensory systems |
| What are the nursing implications associated with pharmokinetics for the aging? | adjustment of dosage due to age, assess med knowledge/use, med review and coordination of prescribers, non-compliance: factors, keep med regimen simple, strategies to improve compliance |
| What are some specific health issues for elderly persons and their family? | depression, alcohol/drug abuse, delirium, dementia |
| What is the difference between delirium and dementia? | delirium is reversible and usually acute dementia is chronic and is an organic alteration or injury to the brain |
| What are some causes of dementia? | Alzheimer's, vascular dementia, HIV, head trauma/injury, neurologic disease (Parkinson's, Huntington's, Pick's, Creutzfedlt-Jakob), substance abuse induced, other general medical conditions, multiple causes, neurologic damage/deficiency, ischemic event |
| What are the stages of dementia? | 1-no symptoms,2-forgetfulness,3-early confusion:short term,4-late confusion:long term,5-early dementia-unable do basic needs,6-middle dementia-does not know family;wanders;agitation;sundowner's,7-late dementia-bedridden,non-verbal,contractures, fetal pos. |
| What are some common health issues associated with older adults? | impaired mobility, dizziness (side effects of meds: esp. HTN), falls, urinary incontinence (can be meds also), increased suceptibility to infection, COPD->can't clear secretions->pneumonia, menopause->higher risk for vaginal infections due to change in pH |
| What are characteristics of delirium? | change in cognition/LOC, rapid onset, distracted, sleep-wake disturbances, speech:rambling, incoherent, dreams/nightmares, emotional instability, usually 1wk-1mo duration or less |
| What are some causes of delirium? | change in medical status:hypoxia,infection,drug reaction, substance induced, intoxication or w/d, head trauma, seizures(med side effect), combo of any of the above |
| What are the dementia classifications? | primary: alzheimer's or other organic brain disease (tumor) secondary: HIV, cerebral trauma, renal/hepatic failure (toxic build up), viruses |
| What are some characteristics of dementia? | impaired judgement,reasoning,social behavior/conduct, possible aphasia, changes in personality and hygiene, loss of short-term memory, apraxia (usually over time) |
| What are some characteristics associated with amnesic disorders? | speech judgement, behavior is not unusual outside of memory loss, may "confabulate" a hx, onset and duration are variable |
Created by:
kgrabo99
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