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Bio-Unit1-Biochem

Bio-Unit1-Biochemistry Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Activation Energy Energy needed to start a reaction
Active Site Specifically shaped area where the enzyme and substrate fit together
Amino Acid Monomer for proteins
Carbohydrate (Polysaccharide) Used for short term energy and support (cell wall)
Catalyst A protein that lowers the activation energy; reaction happens more efficiently
Covalent Bond Electrons are shared; very strong bond Ex. H2O
Dehydration Synthesis Removal of water molecule to make a chemical bond
Enzyme A biological catalyst
Fatty Acid + Glycerol Monomers for lipids
Hydrogen Bond Bond between negative and positive charges of polar molecules Ex. H2O-H2O
Hydrolysis Addition of water molecule to break a chemical bond
Ionic Bond Electrons are given away; weak bond Ex. NaCl
Lipid Fats, oils, waxes used for long term energy and barriers (membranes)
Macromolecule (i.e. polymer) Large molecule made of repeating subunits
Monomer Single, small subunits that make up polymers
Monosaccharides Monomer for carbohydrate (glucose C6H12O6)
Nonpolar Molecule Molecule where the charges are evenly spread out since electrons are shared equally
Nucleic Acid Used to store genetic information
Nucleotide Monomer for nucleic acids
Organic Chemistry The study of substances containing carbon
Polar Molecule Molecule with a positive and negative side since electrons are NOT shared equally
Polymer (i.e. macromolecule) Large molecule made of repeating subunits
Products What is produced in a chemical reaction
Proteins (polypeptides) Used for transport, enzymes, communication and structure
Reactants What goes in to a chemical reaction
Substrate A reactant acted upon by an enzyme; must match perfectly with enzyme
Created by: tejneckyc
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