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4.01 F&T Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Backstitch | In machine sewing the stitch back over stitches to lock them in place. Occurs at the beginning and end of a seam. |
| Ball-head Pins | pins with colorful glass or plastic heads, that are easy to pick up, and are used to hold fabric pieces together. |
| Ballpoint Pins | silk pin with a rounded point to enable pin to slip easily between strands of yarn, to prevent snags on fabric. |
| Bobbin | Small spool of thread that creates the lower half of the lockstitch |
| Bobbin case | Either a drop in/top load or front load case which holds the bobbin when sewing. |
| Bobbin cover or slide plate | overs the bobbin area while the machine is stitching. It can be removed or slid to the side whilst loading the bobbin into the machine. |
| Bobbin winder | Used to add thread to a bobbin using the winder tension disc. |
| Bodkin | sewing tool that resembles a large, blunt needle and is used to pull cord or elastic through a casing. |
| Chain off | Continuing to serge after reaching the end of the fabric for 3”– 6” to create a chain or tail. This prevents the serger from jamming or unthreading itself and leaves a tail to tie off or bury. |
| Dressmaker Shears | 7 to 8 inch cutting equipment with a bent handle that allows fabric to lie flat while cutting. |
| Embroidery Scissors | cutting equipment that is 3 to 4 inches in length, with a very pointed tip, that are used for cutting buttonholes, and trimming embroidery threads. |
| Fabric Marking Pen | marking tool pen, used to mark on fabric, notches, darts, circles or squares, that disappears with water or evaporates after 48 hours. |
| Feed Dog or feed | the mechanism in a sewing machine which feeds the material under the needle. |
| Hand Sewing Needles | sewing equipment that varies in size, 1 for course fabrics and 12 for fine fabrics, used for basting, hemming and applying fasteners such as buttons, snaps and hooks & eyes. |
| Hand Wheel | On the side of the sewing machine. Use to raise or lower the needle. Should only be turned toward yourself. |
| Hem Gauge | measuring tool used to mark straight and curved hems |
| Iron | metal appliance used to press & steam fabrics during and after construction. |
| Ironing Board | level and sturdy surface with tight fitting cover & smooth padding to iron, press or steam on. |
| Knee lifter | Allows the sewist to keep their hands on the fabric being sewn while lifting the presser foot to change position or add more fabric pieces, as in chain piecing. |
| Lockstitch | A stitch made by a sewing machine by firmly linking together two threads or stitches. |
| Loop Turner: | a sewing tool that is a long metal rod with a hook, and is used to turn bias tubing and casings right side out. |
| Lower looper | One of the threads on the serger that creates the lower looped threads that bind the edge of the fabric |
| Needle | a very fine slender piece of metal with a point at one end and a hole or eye for thread at the other, used in sewing. |
| Needle Threader | small sewing tool with a thin wire to aid in threading a needle by putting the thread through the needle's eye |
| Pincushion | a cushion that provides a safe way to store pins for convenience. |
| Pinking Shears | cutting equipment with zigzag edge that finishes the raw edge of a seam, and helps prevent raveling |
| Point Presser | a narrow wooden surface with a pointed end used for pressing collar points and curved and straight edges. |
| Pointer | a wooden sewing tool with a pointed end and a rounded edge. The pointed end is used to push out sharp corners on collars and the rounded edge is used for holding a seam open while pressing. |
| Press Cloth | lightweight cloth for pressing fabrics used to prevent iron shine or glossy marking & scorching on certain fabrics. |
| Presser Foot | A metal or plastic foot that is lowered onto fabric and works with the feed to move the fabric. |
| Presser foot lever | Raises or lowers the presser foot and engages the tension. |
| Reverse button | A button or lever that causes the sewing machine to sew in reverse. |
| Rotary Cutter | cutting equipment with a round retractable blade, resembling a pizza cutter, and makes straight clean cuts through multiple layers of fabric. |
| Seam Ripper | removes stitches with small blade. Blade lifts the thread away from the fabric before cutting it. |
| Seam Roll | long form tubular cushion used for pressing log seams and small curved areas. |
| Serger | a specialty sewing machine used for overcasting to prevent material from fraying at the edge. |
| Sewing Scissors | cutting equipment with small round handles, with 4 to 6 inch blades, that are good for detail work such as clipping curves and corners. |
| Sewing/Seam Gauge | measuring tool used to measure seam allowances and hems. |
| Skirt Marker: | measuring tool used to measure and mark hemlines with either pins or chalk |
| Sleeve Board | small ironing board around 20 inches long used to press narrow areas such as sleeves. |
| Stitch length | A dial or button on a sewing machine that increases or decreases the length of the stitches. |
| Stitch width | A dial or button on a sewing machine that increases or decreases the width of a stitch. |
| Tailor's Chalk | small square or pencil marking tools that mark pattern symbols onto fabric. |
| Tailors Ham | a firm round cushion used to press curved areas of a garment such as darts or curved seams. |
| Take-up lever | A metal hook above the needle that lifts the thread after a stitch has been completed |
| Tape Measure | measuring tool used to take body measurements, measure fabric or measure pattern pieces. |
| Tension | The tightness of both the top thread and the bottom bobbin thread as they pass through the machine. |
| Tension guide | A dial on a sewing machine that adjusts the tension. |
| Thimble | metal or plastic sewing tool, available in different sizes, used to protect the sewer's finger while hand sewing. |
| Thread Clipper | cutting equipment with spring-action blades used to to clip thread ends. |
| Thread Markings | mark pattern symbols by making simple hand-sewn stitches to mark construction lines on fabric. |
| Thread stand | A stand on an industrial machine that is meant to hold a large spool of thread on the table top. |
| Thread Tension | he amount of thread that can pass through the machine to create the stitch. |
| Tracing Wheel | marking tool that marks pattern symbols onto fabric. Use a smooth edged tracing wheel for delicate fabrics and a saw-toothed tracing wheel for most other fabrics. |
| Transparent Ruler | measuring tool used to measure and mark buttonholes, pleats, tucks and bias strips. |
| Upper looper | One of the threads on the serger that creates the upper looped threads that bind the edge of the fabric |
| Yard Stick | measuring tool used to measure skirt hems & sewing tasks requiring long, rigid measurements. |
| 4-thread overlock stitch: | A stitch used by a basic serger with upper looper, lower looper, right needle, and left needle. |
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