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Ap Bio 9wks project
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| fundamental units of proteins | amino acid |
| a primary energy source and structural component in living organisms composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. | carbohydrate |
| basic structural component of plant cell walls | cellulose |
| a chemical reaction that involves forming a new compound accompanied by removing water from the product | dehydration synthesis |
| five-carbon sugar component of DNA | deoxyribose |
| any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds. | hydrolysis |
| codes genetic information for the transmission of inherited traits and is found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and in many viruses | DNA |
| important component of lipids and consists of a straight chain of an even number of carbon atoms, with hydrogen atoms along the length and at one end of the chain and a carboxyl group (―COOH) at the other end. | fatty acid |
| starch and cellulose, both major energy sources, are composed of this. | glucose |
| a clear, colourless, viscous, sweet-tasting liquid belonging to the alcohol family of organic compounds | glycerol |
| A weaker bond involving a hydrogen atom | hydrogen bond |
| includes fats and oils and are very hydrophobic | lipid |
| any very large molecule and is used in many synthetic and natural fibers | macromolecule |
| a molecule of any of a class of compounds that can react with other molecules to form very large molecules, or polymers | monomer |
| any of the basic compounds that serve as the building blocks of carbohydrates | monosaccharide |
| adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil. | nitrogen base |
| naturally occurring chemical compounds that serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells | nucleic acids |
| any member of a class of organic compounds in which the molecular structure comprises a nitrogen-containing unit linked to a sugar and a phosphate group | nucleotides |
| chemical bond that links amino acids together to form peptides and proteins | peptide bonds |
| a salt or ester of phosphoric acid, containing PO or a related anion or a group such as —OPO(OH). | phosphate |
| any of a class of natural or synthetic substances composed of macromolecules that are multiples of simpler chemical units called monomers | polymer |
| the form in which most natural carbohydrates occur | polysaccharide |
| amino acids linked in a unique order forming proteins | primary structure |
| naturally occurring, extremely complex substance that consists of amino acid residues joined by peptide bonds | protein |
| five-carbon sugar found in RNA and alternates with phosphate groups to form the “backbone” of the RNA polymer and binds to nitrogenous bases | ribose |
| complex compound that facilitates protein synthesis | RNA |
| organized regions of polypeptide backbone stabilized by hydrogen bonds between atoms. | secondary structure |
| product of the interaction between the side chains of the amino acids composing the protein | tertiary structure |
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SteadyBreak2642
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