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Bones

TermDefinition
Skull 22 bones
Vertebral column vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx
Thoracic cage ribs, sternum
Pectoral girdle clavicle, scapula
Upper limb arm, forearm, wrist/hand
Pelvic girdle pelvic bones, sacrum
Lower limb thigh, leg, ankle/foot
Pelvic bones ilium, ischium, pubis
Femur largest and strongest bone in body
Tibia medial
Fibula lateral
Ankle and Foot Talus, Calcaneus, Navicular, Medial Cuneiform, Intermediate Cuneiform, Lateral Cuneiform, Cuboid
Bone functions protection, mineral storage, blood cell formation, fat storage, movement, support
Long bones longer than they are wide (humerus)
Short bones about as long as they are wide (carpals)
Flat bones thin and broad (sternum)
Sesamoid bones small, relatively flat, oval-shaped bones within tendons (patella)
Irregular bones don't fit into another category (vertebrae)
Periosteum dense irregular collagenous CT in long bones
Diaphysis shaft of long bones
Epiphyses enlarged, rounded ends of long bones
Diploe spongy bone
osteoblasts build bone
osteocytes maintain bone
osteoclasts break down bone
Intramembranous ossification occurs during fetal development
Endochondral ossification occurs during development, hyaline cartilage model
Calcium bone deposition
Parathyroid hormone increases blood calcium when concentration gets low
Calcitonin Decreases blood calcium level when concentration gets high
Canaliculi canals that connect lacunae, allow for the passage of oxygen, nutrients, and small substances
Perforating canals run perpendicular to osteons, carry blood vessels from periosteum to central canals
Endosteum lining innermost surface of bone
Created by: user-2050247
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