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Ultimate BIO stack 1
Intro to Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| study of life | BIOLOGY |
| it is the science that deals with the structures, functions and relationships of living things and their environment. | BIOLOGY |
| study of microorganisms | Microbiology |
| study of plants | Botany |
| study of animals | Zoology |
| study of naming and classifying organisms | Taxonomy |
| study of structures and functions of cells | Cytology |
| study of formation and development of organisms | Embryology |
| study of structures and parts of organisms | Anatomy |
| study of Functions of living organisms and their parts | Physiology |
| Biochemical composition of living things | Biochemistry |
| Hereditary and variation | Genetics |
| origin and differentiation of various organisms | Evolution |
| Relationship of organisms with their environment | Ecology |
| It is the idea that life could appear from non-living material | Theory of Spontaneous Generation or Abiogenesis |
| is the belief that life originates from preexisting life. | Biogenesis |
| 2 jars with rotten meat but the other one was covered with gauze. -The uncovered jar had maggots and concluded that life arose from living matter (such as maggots from eggs laid by flies) | Redi’s Experiment, Francesco Redi (1668) Italian physician |
| - made boiled mutton (meat of sheep) broth in a container and sealed with a cork - After several days, the jars became cloudy and full of microorganisms. - he concluded that life in the broth was caused by spontaneous generation | Needham’s Experiment, John Needham (1748) English priest |
| -2 flask with water boiled with meat and vegetable - one flask was sealed with cork and the other was uncovered - Concluded that life occurred from something that entered the unsealed flask and that was responsible for life to grow | Spallanzani’s Experiment, Lazaro Spallanzani (1767) |
| Boiled sugar solution with yeast and designed an experiment to test the idea that a vital element from air was necessary for life to occur. - His experiment supported the Theory of Biogenesis | Pasteur’s Experiment, Louis Pasteur (1861) |
| State the 3: CURRENT BELIEFS ABOUT THE ORIGIN OF LIFE | Divine Creation, Spontaneous Origin, Panspermia |
| believes that life was created by a Supreme Being | Divine Creation |
| supports that life arises from non-living materials | Spontaneous Origin |
| that life arose outside the Earth and life that forms were transported from another planet to seed life on earth. | Panspermia |
| Name the 3 Characteristics of Living things: | 1. Gathering and using energy 2. Adapting and evolving 3. Reproducing and Continuing Life |
| is the ability of organisms to do work and allows them to perform vital activities such as growth, movement and reproduction. (fuel) | Energy |
| The process by which energy is released by the breakdown of food substances is called | CELLULAR RESPIRATION. |
| All chemical processes, reactions, and energy changes happening inside the body of an organism are referred to as: | METABOLISM. |
| is the destructive phase of metabolism. It takes large, complex molecules and breaks them down into smaller, simpler ones. It is exergonic (releases energy). | Catabolism |
| is the constructive phase of metabolism. It takes small, simple building blocks and combines them to build larger, more complex molecules. It is endergonic (requires energy). | ANABOLISM |
| Name the 3 Metabolic Processes in order: | NUTRIENT UPTAKE, NUTRIENT PROCESSING, WASTE ELIMINATION |
| The process by which organisms acquire food is | NUTRITION (Nutrient Uptake) |
| Raw materials inside the body are processed through various chemical reactions for repair, reproduction, manufacture of new body parts and continuous supply of energy for essential activities | NUTRIENT PROCESSING |
| Excretion of Metabolic Waste Products (or feces) | WASTE ELIMINATION |
| are proteins that help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies. They help regulate the rate at which the metabolic processes occur. | ENZYMES |
| The MAINTENANCE of the body’s internal environment iscalled | HOMEOSTASIS. |
| Certain responsive processes allow organisms to react with changes in their environment | Adapting and Evolving |
| The movement done by most animals to transfer from one place to another is called | LOCOMOTION or MOTILITY |
| External factor or ___ , such as light, sound, temperature, pressure, food sources or presence of chemical substance affect living things. | STIMULI |
| The reaction of an organism to stimuli is called | TROPISM or RESPONSE |
| The ability of an organism to respond to appropriately against a stimulus is called | Irritability or SENSITIVITY |
| Ability of living things to adjust to changes in the environment to survive and perform normal functions. | Adaptation |
| Refers to the changes in characteristics of a group of organisms (population) over time. | Evolution |
| is a gradual or rapid change in the body structure or behavior to be better suited and to survive a new environment. | Evolutionary adaptation |
| is an increase in size and volume by converting food to become part of body cells. | Growth |
| are defined stages of life cycle of all living things which starts from birth and ends in death. | Development |
| is a process by which genetic information is passed on from one generation to another as organisms produce offspring that resembles their parents. | Reproduction |
| What is the smallest unit of life? | Cell |
| is a group of organisms that interacts with other organisms of the same kind | POPULATION |
| An array of populations sharing their habitat compose a | COMMUNITY |
| is a group of communities that exist in an environment affected by both living and non- living components | ECOSYSTEM |
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