Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio- chap. 1-3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biology is the study of | life and how it interacts with non-living things. |
| Central Dogma | Gene expression is the process by which cells use DNA to create proteins. Flows in one direction |
| Homeostasis | Process to regulate and maintain equilibrium |
| Positive feedback regulation | a biological process where an initial change in a system is amplified and reinforced, pushing the system further in the direction of the change until a specific goal or endpoint is reached. |
| Positive feedback regulation example: | When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets rush to the site and release chemicals. These chemicals call even more platelets to the area to form a rapid plug until the leak is completely sealed. |
| Negative feedback regulation | a self-correcting process where a system's output reduces or reverses the original change to return conditions to a stable target level. |
| Negative feedback regulation example: | If you get too hot, your brain tells you body to sweat and widen blood vessels. As sweat evaporates, it cools you down. |
| Evolution | species change in ways that are adaptive to their environment |
| Speciation | new, genetically distinct species form from existing populations |
| Matter: | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Atom: | smallest unit of matter that still retains properties of an element |
| Element: | substance that cannot be broken down by chemical reactions |
| Atomic number: | number of protons |
| Atomic mass/Mass number: | protons + neutrons averaged er all isotopes |
| Major Fundamental elements of life: | Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen |
| Neutrons and protons form the: | atomic nucleus |
| Number of neutrons equation: | mass number - atomic number |
| Isotope: | a form of a chemical element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons in its nucleus. |
| Radioisotope: | atoms with unstable nuclei that break down over time and release energy in the form of radiation |
| electrons in outer shells are called: | valence electrons |
| Energy: | ability to cause a change |
| Potential energy: | stored in a system |
| Covalent Bond: | the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms |
| Ionic bond: | the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating an attraction between oppositely charged particles. |
| Electronegativity: | a measure of an atom's ability to attract a shared electrons toward itself in a chemical bond. |
| Polar covalent: | a chemical link where tow atoms share electrons unequally |
| Hydrogen bond: | a weak electrostatic attraction between a partially positive hydrogen atom and a partially negative electronegative atom |
| Van der Waals interaction: | a weak, non-covalent force of attraction between electrically neutral atoms or molecules that come close to each other. electrons are not always evenly distributed and change temporarily with surface molecules. |
| Chemical equilibrium: | The point at which the reactions offset one another exactly |
| Cohesion: | the attractive force that causes identical molecules, especially water molecules, to stick together (surface tension). |
| Adhesion: | the binding or attraction between dissimilar cells, molecules, or surfaces. |
| Water transport: | the movement of water into, through and out of organisms |
| How do plants transport so much water? | Evaporation, cohesion, and adhesion work together |
| Kinetic energy: | energy of motion |
| Thermal(heat) energy: | kinetic energy associated with random motion of atoms or molecules |
| Specific heat: | amount of heat that must be absorbed to change temperature by 1 °C |
| Calorie (cal): | heat required to raise temperature of 1g of water by 1°C |
| Heat is absorbed when: | Hydrogen bonds break and form |
| Evaporative cooling: | Fastest water molecules leave slowing down the remaining molecules |
Created by:
Winter4u
Popular Biology sets