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Porifera

BIOL2204 Porifera

QuestionAnswer
Four classes of sponge Calcarea, Demospongiae, Homoscleromorpha, Hexactinellida
Calcarea characteristics CaCo3 spicules, 3 or 4 rays extending from centre
Demospongiae SiO2 spicules, most have spongin skeleton
Hexactinellida Glass sponges, SiO2 spicules, 6 radiating rays fused in a lattice framework
Homoscleromorpha Very small SiO2 spicules
Three recognisable characteristics presense of pores, absense of tissues, asymmetrical irregular shape
Water pathway In through pores -> incurrent canals -> prosopyles -> radial canal -> apopyles -> spongocoel -> out through osculum
Choanocyte layer function flagella beat to draw water in through pores
Order of labelling pinacoderm, choanocyte layer, mesohyl, radial canal, spongocoel
Three organisational grades of aquiferous systems Asconoid, Syconoid, Leuconoid
Asconoid characteristics spongocoel is a large central cavity lined by choanocytes, no folding
Syconoid characteristics body wall is folded into radial canals, lined by choanocytes
Leuconoid characteristics Many small choanocyte lined chambers connected by canals. Extensive folding, spongocoel very small or no longer distinguishable
rod-shaped, pointed at both ends Oxea (demospongiae)
pointed at one end, rounded/blunt at other Style (demospongiae)
rod-shaped, rounded at both ends Strongyle (demospongiae)
3 rays extending from central point Triactine (calcarea)
4 rays Tetractine (calcarea)
6 rays along 3 axes Hexactine (hexactinellida)
4 equal rays in different directions Calthrop (homoscleromorpha)
small, star-shaped, curved or hook-like microscleres Asters, sigmas, chelae (demospongiae)
Created by: mishm
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