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Ch 18 - Key Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| aerobes | Bacteria that require oxygen to grow. |
| anaerobes | Bacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen and are destroyed by oxygen. |
| bacilli (singular, bacillus) | Rod-shaped bacteria that cause tuberculosis and other diseases. |
| Candida | A yeast commonly found in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract and sometimes in the skin. |
| chancre | A painless ulcerating sore. |
| cocci (singular, coccus | Spherical bacterial cells that reproduce by dividing into two. |
| Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: | Rare chronic brain disease with onset in middle to late life (40 to 60 years). |
| Ebola | Rare but deadly virus that causes bleeding inside and outside the body. |
| endospores | Resistant, dormant structure formed inside of some bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions. |
| facultative anaerobes | Organisms that can grow with or without oxygen. |
| fungi (singular, fungus | Plants, such as mushrooms, yeasts, and molds that lack chlorophyll. |
| Gram negative | Classification of bacteria that do not hold a dye stain under a microscope. |
| Gram positive | Classification of bacteria that hold a dye and appear dark purple under a microscope. |
| Gram's stain | Four-step staining process developed by Hans Christian Gram and used to separate bacteria into groups. |
| Gram variable | Classification of bacteria that are not consistently stained. |
| H1N1 | Form of swine influenza virus. |
| herpesvirus | Virus that causes infections in humans, such as herpes, cytomegalovirus, chickenpox, shingles, mononucleosis, and Kaposi's sarcoma. |
| latent | Dormant |
| microbiology | Study of microorganisms |
| microcephaly | Abnormal smallness of the head, a congenital condition associated with incomplete brain development |
| methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus | Type of staph infection that is resistant to several common antibiotics |
| nonpathogenic | Pertaining to microorganisms that do not produce disease. |
| oral candidiasis | Candida yeast infection of the oral mucosa. |
| pandemic | Condition that occurs throughout the people of a country or the world. |
| pathogens | Disease-producing microorganisms |
| percutaneous | Through the skin, such as a needle stick, a cut, or a human bite. |
| Petri plate | Small, flat dish made of thin glass or plastic that contains sterile solid medium for the culture of microorganisms; also called Petri dish. |
| prions | Infectious particles of proteins that lack nucleic acids |
| protozoa | Single-celled microscopic animals without a rigid cell wall. |
| provirus | Virus that is hidden during the latency period. |
| spirochetes | Spiral-shaped bacteria. |
| staphylococci | Cocci that form irregular groups or clusters. |
| streptococci | Cocci that form chains as they divide. |
| tyndallization | Intermittent, or fractional, sterilization. |
| virulent | Capable of causing serious disease. |
| viruses | Ultramicroscopic infectious agents that contain DNA or RNA |
| Zika | A virus that is spread to people primarily through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito. |
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Cocoalover
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