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Chapter 2

Human Inheritance

QuestionAnswer
autosome chromosomes that contain genes for characteristics that are unrelated to sex.
human genome all the DNA of the human species.
Human Genome Project an international project that includes scientists from around the world that sequenced 3 billion pairs of human DNA.
linkage map shows the location of genes on a chromosome.
linked genes genes that are located on the same chromosome
sex chromosomes the remaining pair of human chromosomes
sex-linked gene genes located on the sex chromosomes
X-linked gene genes on the X chromosome
epistasis where one gene affects the expression of another gene
gene therapy involves inserting normal genes with mutant genes.
genetic trait characteristics that are encoded in DNA
multiple allele trait traits controlled by a single gene with more than two alleles
nondisjunction the failure of replicated chromosomes to separate during meiosis
pedigree usefully tools for studying inheritance patterns
pleiotropy where a single gene affects more than one trait
sex-linked trait traits controlled by genes on the sex chromosome
X-linked trait traits controlled by the genes on the X chromosome
biotechnology the use of technology to change the genetic makeup of living things for human purposes.
gene cloning the process of isolating and making copies of a gene
genetic engineering the recombinant DNA is inserted into a living cell, usually a bacterial cell.
pharmacogenomics a field tailoring medical treatments to people's genetic profile
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) make many copies of a gene or other DNA segement.
recombinant DNA during ligation, the enzyme DNA ligase combines the isolated gene with plasmid DNA from bacteria.
synthetic biology
transgenic crop genetically modified with new genes that code for traits usefully to humans.
Created by: grous3
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