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Micro Test 2
Staph-Neisseria
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Staph epidermidis | urease+, nosocomial infections, most freq. isolated CNS, coag-, peritonitis |
| Staph saprophyticus | UTIs in young females, binds to urethra and bladder, coag- |
| S. lugdunensis and S. schleiferi | both coagulase(+) sometimes |
| Staph aureus | virulence: structural- capsule, slime layer, peptid, teichoic acid, protein A, coagulase/clumping factor |
| mec A gene | confers resistance to oxacillin, beta lactams, etc |
| staph to vancomycin | low resis: trapped in cw hi resis: van A gene acquired |
| Strep pyogenes | Lancefield Grp A, beta hemol, bacitracin sens strep throat, necrotizing fasciitis (suppurative), scarlet fever. throat, skin, immunocompromised. nonsuppurative strep-Rheumatic fever, AG. |
| Strep agalactiae | Grp B, beta/alpha hemol, CAMP+. capsule. leading cause neonatal meningitis, women/infants, lower GItract, cellulitis&arthritis. Bovine Mastitis |
| Enterococcus faecalis &E. faecium | Grp D, gamma hemol, VRE- Van A and Van B resistant, aggreg-protein in cm plasmid exch/binding, CHO adhesins |
| Strep bovis | Grp D, 6.5%NaCL +tolerance |
| Strep. pneumoniae | none Lancefield grp, alpha homol, diplococci, obligate human parasite (only reservoir). lancet shaped, capsule (Quellung rxn-capsule swells in interaction with capsule antibodies), optochin sensitive, bile esculin+, causes memingitis, some have PBPs |
| Viridans strep: S. mutans | "other" Lancefield grp, alpha/gamma hemol |
| Grp A strep | pyogenes. virulence-avoids opsonization&phagocytosis, adheres to host cells, invades epith cells, prod toxins/enzymes, hyaluronic acid capsule (adhesive), causes Erysipelas, glomerulonephritis |
| all strep | capnophilic, G+,catalase- cocci, nonmotile, non sporing, facultative anaerobes |
| Bacillus anthracis | small spore, encapsulated, non motile, zoonotic, pulmonary, cutan(papule, eschar, swell), GI, plasmids: pX01-edema factor, protective Ag, lethal factor. pX02-capsule (no pX01=no pathogen) . direct contact and airborne, not contagious,treatw cipro-quin/pe |
| B. thurengensis | larvae kills con spores |
| B. cereus | emetic &diarrheal, 2 types of enterotoxins |
| Listeria monocytogenes | more motile 30°than37°, G+, esculin+, CAMP+, ubiquitous, intracellular, ubiquitous, exotoxin listeriolysin O- pore forming, 1/2a most common serotype, crosses placenta, gets immunocompromised. baby- <2days, maternal. >5d, hosp |
| Listeria innocua | something, main species, motile |
| Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae | ubiq, turkey/swine, erysipeloid&septicemic(in blood). slow grower, G+ rods, cat-, nonmotile |
| Corynebacteria diphtheriae | activated by lysogenic phage to get tox gene, cystine-tellurite medium, metachromatic granules, 22-36carbons in chain, leathery, cw-mycolic acid, Elek test-detects toxin, PCR-checks for presence, resp/cutaneous, Rx- antitoxin AND Ab (Pen or erythro) |
| C jeikieum | cutaneous/ pulmonary infection, opportunistic |
| C. pseudotuberculosis | k |
| C. urealyticus | precipitated Ca pellets, kidney stones, alkaline pH blood. |
| C. ulcerans | dip-like |
| toxin molecule regions | B:1)receptor-binding region. 2)translocation region A.3)catalytic gene. B binds 1st, then A |
| DPT vaccine | formalin treated toxin, many boosters |
| Nocardia asteroids | strict aerobe, branching hyphae (fungiesque), cat+, bronchopulm dis, necrosis and abscess formation, transmitted in air, Rx-combo of Abs |
| Rhodococcus equi | vet pathogen |
| Gordonia | pulm and cutaneous diseases, nosocomial (catheters) |
| Tuskamurella | mainly catheters |
| Mycobacteria Tb grp | M. tb, ulcerans, bovis, africanum (<<in Tb complex). leprae(Hansen's disease) |
| MOTT Group | Rapid growers, Scatochromogens, Photochromogens, Non-chromogens, Rapid growers |
| Rapid growers | M. fortuitum, M. chelonae |
| Scatochromogens | M. gordonae, M. scotulaceum |
| Non-chromogens | M. avium complex |
| Photochromogens | M. marinum, M. kansasii |
| Mycobacteria | acid fast, gram+, slow growing, mycolic acid |
| Acid Fast Stains | Ziehl-Neelsen, Kinyon, Fluorescent, false +s can be seen if contaminated with water or oils from container or metals or Cl- |
| Tb | lung lesions can occur, incubation 2 weeks-3mos, 10 million new cases each year, grow on Lowenstein Jensen or Middlebrook 7H11 agar mediums. sputum digested w/NaOH or benzalkonium cls3p before plating. |
| Tb treatment | vaccine in Europe, combo Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide &either ethambutol or streptomycin |
| Neisseria | G- cocci, Phylum Proteobacteria, Class Betaproteobacteria, Order Neisseriales. chocolate agar, |
| N. gonorrhoeae | no capsule,glucose+, por A gene silent. LOS, OpA, IgA1 protease, pili. females- inf can spread to fallobian tubes. humans only reservoir. most are pen resistant |
| N. meningitidis | capsule, gluc and maltose+. primary source for spread of meningococcal disease. vaccine for A,C,Y and W135 seros. treat with cephalosporin and ceftriaxone. humans are host |
Created by:
offlinefish
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