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4/7 Warm Up

DNA, Cell Cycle, Protein Synthesis

TermDefinition
Ribosome Site of protein synthesis in cells
Protein Molecule made of amino acids, essential for functions
DNA Nucleic acid that carries instructions of an organism
Tumor Abnormal growth of cells
Base Pair Two nitrogenous bases bonded together in DNA by a hydrogen bond
Nucleotide Building block of DNA and RNA
S Phase Phase of cell cycle where DNA is replicated
Helicase Enzyme that unwinds DNA during replication
Hydrogen Bonds Weak bonds between nitrogenous bases in DNA
DNA Replication Process of copying DNA before cell division
Mitosis Process of cell division producing two identical somatic cells
Growth & Repair Purpose of mitosis in organisms
Deoxyribose Sugar component of DNA
Transcription Process of synthesizing mRNA from DNA
Translation Process of synthesizing proteins (chains of amino acids) from mRNA
mRNA Messenger RNA carrying genetic information from nucleus to ribosome
Ribose Sugar component of RNA
Uracil Nitrogenous base found in RNA, pairs with Adenine in DNA
Somatic Cells Body cells like blood, bone, muscle, etc
Insertion Mutation involving the addition of DNA sequences
Deletion Mutation involving the removal of DNA sequences
Substitution Mutation where base(s) is/are replaced by others
Mutation Change in DNA sequence
Frameshift Mutation altering the reading frame of DNA
Point Mutation Change in a single nucleotide
tRNA Transfer RNA bringing amino acids to ribosomes
Codon Three-mRNA nucleotide sequence coding for an amino acid
Amino Acid Building block of proteins
Trait Characteristic determined by genes
Created by: user-1813455
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