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Prof Bell Chapter 7
Study for Bio 100
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell Respiration | Metobolic reactions that use the energy from carbohydrate, fatty acid, amino acid breakdown to produce ATP molecules |
| Aerobic | With Oxygen |
| Chemical formulas for Cell Respiration. | C6H12O6 + --> 6CO2 +6H20 |
| How many ATP molecules are produced by the breakdown of One Glucose Molecules? | 36 or 38 ATP Molecule (This represents 40% of the potential energy within a glucose molecule) |
| Potential Energy | Stored Energy Its Capacity to accomplish work is not being used at the moment. |
| Kinetic Energy | Is energy in Motion. Ex A Moose walks through Grass |
| Mechanical Energy | Chemical Energy + Kinetic = Mechanical Energy |
| Second law of thermodynamics | States that energy cannot be changed from one form to another without a loss of usable energy |
| First Law Of Thermodynamics | States that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another. |
| Entropy | Measure of disorder or randomness |
| Catabolism | destructive metabolism; the breaking down in living organisms of more cocmplex substances into simpler ones, with the release of energy |
| Anabolism | constructive metabolism; the synthesis in living organisms of more complex substances from simpler ones |
| Free Energy | Is the amount of energy available – That is energy still free to do work |
| Reactant | In a Chemical Reaction, reactants are substances that participates in a reaction Product are substances that form as a result of a reaction. Ex A+B --> C +D A+B = Reactants |
| Metabolism | The sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in a cell. A significant part of cellular metabolism involves the breaking down and the building up of molecules. |
| Pyruvate, | End product of glycolysis; its further fate, invovling fermentation or entry into a mitochondrion, depends on oxygen availability |
| fermentation | Anaerobic Breakdown of glucose that results in a gain of two ATP and end products such as alcohol and lactate. |
| Cristae | The fold in Mitochondrion's inner membrane that jut out into the matrix |
| electron transport Chain | Is a series of membranebound carriers that pass electrons from one carrier to another |
| Matrix | The innermost compatment of mitochondrion that is filled iwth a gel like fluid |
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