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APSM Biology 3.4

APSM CA Biology 3.4 Endocrine System

TermDefinition
Adrenal cortex outer layer of adrenal gland produces steroid hormones
Adrenal gland endocrine gland located on top of kidney, produces epinephrine and steroid hormones
Adrenal medulla makes epinephrine (adrenaline) which regulates the metabolism
Adrenaline Hormone produced by the adrenal gland
Calcitonin hormone produced in thyroid that help with calcium regulation
Cyclic AMP messenger that transfers effects of certain hormones into cells
Diabetes disease where sugar accumulates in the bloodstream instead of being stored by glycogen, caused by problems with producing or responding to insulin
Dwarfism lack of height caused by not enough growth hormone
Endocrine glands Ductless glands
Epinephrine hormone produced by adrenal glands that prepare the body to respond to emergency situations
Estrogen primary female reproductive hormones
Exocrine glands gland that secretes products to the outside of the body
Gigantism production of too much growth hormone causing excessive height
Glucagon pancreatic hormone that signals the liver to convert glycogen to glucose & release the glucose into the bloodstream
Hormones Chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands
Insulin pancreatic hormone that signal the liver & muscle to remove glucose from the blood and store it as glycogen
Islets of Langerhans clumps of endocrine glands in the pancreas that produce insulin and glucagon
Non-steroidal Hormones hormones that sit on the top of the cell and send cyclic AMP inside to cause cellular change
Ovary female gonad that produces estrogen and releases eggs
Pancreas organ that produces pancreatic juice and contains the islets of Langerhans
Parathyroid small endocrine glands in the neck of humans that produces and secretes hormones to regulate the amount of calcium in the blood and bones
Pituitary gland Controls the other endocrine glands
Steroidal Hormones hormones that can go into a cell to change the chemistry
Testes male gonad that produces testosterone
Testosterone primary male reproductive hormone, causes increased muscle & bone mass, growth
Thyroid endocrine gland located in neck, regulates rate of chemical activity in the cells
Thyroxine thyroid hormone that regulate general activities related to metabolism
Type I Diabetes autoimmune disease where the immune system destroys the pancreatic cells that produce insulin
Type II Diabetes form of diabetes characterized by insulin resistance; occurs primarily as a result of obesity and lack of exercise
Created by: samundoacademy
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