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APSM Biology 3.2
APSM CA Biology 3.2 Peripheral Nervous System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| autonomic nervous system | portion of peripheral nervous system that controls heart and other internal organs |
| capsaicin | chemical in chili peppers that stimulates thermoreceptors |
| chemoreceptors | Sense tastes and smells |
| cochlea | coiled tube in inner ear that detects vibrations and send them to the brain |
| cones | cell in retina that detects colors |
| cornea | transparent structure that replaces the sclera at the front of the eye |
| hypothalamus | portion of the limbic system that controls the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system and is responsible for the physical effect of emotions |
| iris | front-most muscular portion of the uvea, which forms the colored portion of the eye and controls the size of the pupil |
| lens | portion of the eye that focuses the rays of the eye |
| mechanoreceptors | any of a group of sensory receptors responsible for sensations of touch, pressure, and muscle sense |
| motor nerve fiber | axon that carries impulses from the brain & spinal cord to muscles & organs |
| nociceptors | sensory neuron that responds to damaging stimuli by sending signals to the spinal cord and brain, pain receptor |
| pain receptors | any group of sensory receptors that consist of a bare dendrite activated by damage, or extreme heat, cold, mechanical stress |
| peripheral nervous system | portion of the nervous system that consists of nerves |
| photoreceptors | specialized cells in the retina that convert light into electrical signals, enabling vision |
| pupil | opening through which light enters the eye |
| reflex arc | nerve pathway controlling a reflex, allowing nerve impulses to bypass the brain for a speed response |
| retina | Part of the eye with the photoreceptors |
| rods | cell in retina that detects light of all colors |
| semicircular canals | Responsible for sense of balance |
| sensory nerve fiber | axon that carries sensory impulses to the spinal cord & brain |
| sensory receptors | specialized neuron that transmits information from the senses to the central nervous system |
| somatic nervous system | Controls voluntary movement |
| thermoreceptors | Sense the temperature |
| tympanum | thin, cone shaped membrane that transmits changes in pressure of sound; eardrum |
| umami | one of the basic tastes (savory), characteristic of broths and cooked meats |
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