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Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis unit vocab

TermDefinition
DNA Provides the original instructions for making proteins/traits, contains deoxyribose sugar and has Thymine as a base
RNA Single stranded nucleic acid with a ribose sugar, and has Uracil as a base
mRNA messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm
tRNA transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
Transcription Process by which mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template, occurs in the nucleus of Euk cells
Translation Process by which mRNA is read and an amino acid chain/protein is produced, occurs at the ribosome
Nucleus Site of transcription
Ribosome Site of translation
Codon Three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid
Amino Acid Monomer of protein, link together in a chain to form proteins/traits
Trait Specific characteristic of an individual determined by their genes.
Protein Synthesis Process of creating proteins through the steps of transcription and translation
Gene A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
Gene Expression Process of using a gene's instructions to create a protein. Sections of DNA are turned "on" to produce either an RNA molecule or a protein.
Cell Specialization/ Differentiation Process in which cells develop in different ways, through gene expression, to perform different tasks
Environmental factors External factors can change or influence what genes are expressed (and which genes are not) in an organism.
Created by: Mrs.Finning
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