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Week 3 - Chapter 3
Adverse Reactions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Therapeutic effects | Clinically desirable actions |
| Adverse effects | Undesirable reactions |
| Toxic effect | Desired effect is excessive |
| Side effect | Dose-related reaction that is not part of the desired therapeutic effects |
| Contraindication | Aspect of a patient's condition that makes the use of a certain drug or therapy an unwise or dangerous action |
| Idiosyncratic reaction | Genetically related abnormal drug response |
| Drug allergy | Immunologic response to a drug resulting in a reaction such as a rash or anaphylaxis |
| Interference with natural defense mechanisms | When a drug reduces the body’s ability to fight infections |
| Teratogenic effect | Abnormality in fetal development caused by exposure to certain substances, such as drugs, chemicals, or infections during pregnancy |
| Type l hypersensitivity | Immediate hypersensitivity; IgE antibodies produce vasodilation, edema and inflammatory response; manifests as hives, rhinitis, asthma, or anaphylactic shock |
| Type ll hypersensitivity | IgG or IgM antibodies; antibody complex is fixed to a circulating blood cell causing lysis; results in anemia |
| Type lll hypersensitivity | Aggregations of antigens and antibodies, where antibodies out number antigens forming clumps: manifests as serum sickness, urticarial, arthritis, lymphadenopathy, or fever |
| Type lV hypersensitivity | Delayed hypersensitivity; sensitized T-lymphocytes and macrophages. Manifests as allergic contact dermatitis, poison oak, poison ivy, reaction to jewelry, or topical benzocaine |
| Dyspepsia | General discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen; symptoms include bloating, nausea, and indigestion |
| Stomatitis | Any inflammation of the mouth and lips, including the cheeks, gums, tongue, lips, and roof or floor of the mouth |
| Oral mucositis | Specific type of stomatitis involving painful inflammation and ulcerations of the mucous membranes in the mouth, most commonly as a side effect of cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy |
| Stevens-Johnson Syndrome | Rare but serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes, typically triggered by a severe reaction to medications or, less commonly, infections |
| Erythema multiforme | Acute, immune-mediated skin condition characterized by the sudden appearance of distinctive target-like (bullseye) lesions, often triggered by infections or medications |
| Necrosis | Premature death of cells or tissues in the body due to factors like injury, infection, or lack of blood flow |
| Urticaria | Hives; skin condition characterized by raised, itchy welts or bumps |
Created by:
Celrrose
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