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Séimhiú agus Urú
Rules and examples of use of séimhiú agus urú
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Réamhfhocal that add a séimhiú RADDOFT dds | roimh/ ar/de/do/ó/faoi /trí/ den (from the); don (to the); sa (in the) |
| Aidiacht Shealbhach adding a h (my/your/his) | Mo/ Do/ A |
| Numbers that add a h | 1 - 6 plus the singular form Aon chapall Dhá chat Trí fhuinneog |
| Nuair a | Nuair a théim abhaile |
| Present tense form of if | Má Má théim abhaile - if I go home |
| too much and very | ró-mhór (too big) an-mhaith (very good) |
| Mnemonic for the urú | My brother (mb). got caught (gc). not doing (nd). dishes tonight (dt). Nobody gets (ng). blueberry pie (bp). before he finishes (bhf). Note also we use n- as the urú before a vowel. |
| Réamhfhocal that adds an urú | i e.g. i gcruachás |
| Aidiacht shealbhach that adds an urú (ours, yours, theirs) | ár, bhur, a |
| Numbers that add an urú | 7-10 plus singular form seacht n-oíche ocht gcéad naoi bpeann deich mbuidéal |
| Most réamhfhocail plus 'an' (except den/don/sa) | Add an urú ar an mbord leis an bhfear As an gcófra |
| Letters that can change rules for the séimhiú agus urú | dntls - cannot take a h after 'an'; cosc ar séimhiú agus urú under certain conditions when they come together |
| I gave the book to Seán | Thug mé an leabhar do Sheán |
| I gave the book to the teacher | Thug mé an leabhar don mhúinteoir |
| Seán was angry | Bhí fearg ar Sheán |
| The poet was angry | Bhí fearg ar an bhfile (ar an + urú) |
| The people were angry | Bhí fearg ar na daoine (no urú after na - the úrú rule only applies in the singular) |
| She gave no help to Paul | Níor thug sí aon chabhair do Phól |
| I did my work | Rinne mé mo chuid oibre |
| We see headlines about homeless people all the time | Feicimid ceannlínte faoi dhaoine gan dídean an t-am ar fad |
| Something must be done about this problem | Caithfear rud éigin a dhéanamh faoin bhfadhb seo (faoi +an= faoin + urú) |
| Something must be done about these problems | Caithfear rud éigin a dhéanamh faoi na fadhbanna seo (no séimhiú or urú for the plural form) |
| He lived on the island | Bhí sé ina chónaí ar an oileán (a meaning his adds a h; ar an does not add an urú to nouns beginning with a vowel) |
| She was living in Tír na nÓg | Bhí sí ina cónaí i dTír na nÓg (a meaning her does not add a séimhiú; i adds an urú) |
| Seán was not listening to his wife when he came home | Ní raibh Seán ag éisteacht lena bhean (his wife, add a h) nuair a tháinig sé abhaile (nuair a adds a h) |
| I am become very worried about the crisis when I see these headlines | Tagann imní an domhain orm faoin gcruachás (faoin = urú) nuair a fheicim na ceannlínte seo (nuair a + h) |
| Seán was in trouble with the principal | Bhí Seán i dtrioblóid leis an bpríomhoide |
| The government are responsible for the crisis | Tá an rialtas freagrach as an gcruachás seo |
| There is no easy solution to the problem | Níl réiteach simplí ar an bhfadhb seo |
| There is no easy solution to these problems | Níl réiteach simplí ar na fadhbanna seo |
| Lisín put pressure on Pól | Chuir Lisín brú ar Phól |
| Lisín put pressure on the family | Chuir Lisín brú ar an gclann/ ar an teaghlach (note no urú after dntls) |
| Lisín put pressure on the people around her | Chuir Lisín brú ar na daoine timpeall uirthi (no urú after na) |