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3-3: Inheritance

Statistics & probability explain the distribution of traits in a population

TermDefinition
statistics A way of collecting and analyzing numbers to understand patterns or trends. In biology, it helps scientists understand data from experiments or studies.
probability The chance that something will happen. In genetics, it’s used to predict the likelihood of traits being passed from parents to offspring.
genetic factors Traits or characteristics that are passed down from parents through genes, like eye color or blood type.
environmental factors Things in the surroundings that can affect how an organism grows or behaves, like temperature, food, or pollution.
characteristic A heritable feature that varies among individuals, such as flower color.
trait A variation for a characteristic, such as purple or white flowers.
allele different forms/versions of a gene
Dominant allele Dominant trait always shows if this allele is present (stronger version of a gene)
Recessive allele Recessive trait only shows if both alleles are recessive (weaker version of a gene)
genotype the letter/allele combination for a trait, includes both alleles
phenotype the physical appearance of a trait
Punnett square chart used to show the probability of genotypes in offspring
carrier Someone who is hybrid for a recessive disorder. They are normal in appearance but can pass on the disorder to their children.
Pedigree chart A chart showing the transmission of a trait through several generations of a family
Sex-linked trait genes on the X or Y chromosomes; affect one sex more often than the other.
Created by: user-1948443
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