Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ecology Exam 8/12
Ecology exam, chapters 8 through 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A group of local subpopulations is called a(n) | metapopulation |
| A module that is produced asexually by an original genetic individual, which may remain physically linked to the parent or may be separate, is referred to as a | ramet |
| A population's density is calculated as the | number of individuals per unit area |
| According to the figure, the predominant plant in an open site is roughly ________ cm3 in size. | 0.5-5 |
| An ecologist counts the # of individuals in 5 samples of equal area for four species of organisms. Which of these counts best represents a clumped population? a. 47, 18, 93, 12, 28 b. 12, 13, 12, 13, 11 c. 23, 21, 25, 22, 18 d. 133, 124, 113, 128, 119 | a. 47, 18, 93, 12, 28 |
| Ecologist spent year studying the pop. dynamics of species of duck on lake. @ beginning of year, total 86 adults. 16 adults left, 12 adults arrived from elsewhere, 76 chicks hatched, 24 chicks survived, and 8 adults died. How many individuals emigrated? | 16 |
| Calculate the estimated population size, N, given a study that initially marked 100 animals and subsequently captured 50, of which 25 were marked. | 200 |
| How might a species' range be extended? | through climate change |
| If more individuals move out of a forest than into it every year, the ________ rate is high. | emigration |
| If, via global warming, the temperatures increased in Canada, the red maple might be able to extend its ________ to the North. | geographic range |
| In populations of animals that defend an area for their own exclusive use or in plants that compete intensively for belowground resources such as water or nutrients, the spatial distribution of individuals is usually _______ | uniform |
| The age of a tree is best approximated by what? | counting tree growth rings |
| The area inhabited by all individuals of a particular species is known as the population's what? | geographic range |
| The California newt is found only in California. This is an example of a(n) ________ species. | endemic |
| The demographic age pyramid of a rapidly growing population is what? | wide at the base, narrow at the top. |
| The movement of individuals in space is called _______ | dispersal |
| The sex ratio of human senior citizens (>65 years) is _____ | skewed toward females |
| What is one way biologists determine the life stage of birds? | plumage |
| When sampling a species that has clumped distributions, which approach listed below is best? a. calculating an ecological density b. sampling at random locations c. assuming a uniform distribution d. counting every individual | c. assuming a uniform distribution |
| Which of the following best describes the distribution of corn in an agricultural field? a. random b. clumped c. uniform d. ideal | c. uniform |
| Which of the following best represents a measure of ecological density? a. number of fish per volume of ocean b. number of birds per hectare c. number of mammals per meter d. number of frogs per meter of pond shoreline | d. number of frogs per meter of pond shoreline |
| Which of the following countries have an age structure that most resembles a pyramid? a. Japan b. United States c. Egypt d. none resemble a pyramid | c. Egypt |
| Which of the following is a clonal animal? a. sheep b. coral c. quail d. mouse | b. coral |
| Which of the following is an example of dendrochronology? a. counting juveniles in a population b. measuring seedling recruitment c. measuring finger bone size over time d. counting tree rings | d. counting tree rings |
| Which of the following is an example of migration? a. humpback whales traveling up and down the coast of western United States b. hawks finding a new territory after maturing c. frogs leaving a pond after metamorphosis d. seeds dispersing from a tree | a. humpback whales traveling up and down the coast of western United States |
| Which of the following is not a feature of a population? a. distribution b. size c. density d. number of species | d. number of species |
| Which of the following is not an invasive species? a. cheatgrass b. Asian longhorned beetle c. purple loosestrife d. ring-necked duck | d. ring-necked duck |
| Which of the following methods would work best to estimate flower species diversity? a. Lincoln Peterson index b. distribution mapping c. quadrats d. mark-recapture | c. quadrats |
| Which of the following represents a modular organism? a. lizard b. ant c. coral d. dog | c. coral |
| Which of following sampling techniques represents an index of abundance rather than estimate of density? a. # of ducks on a pond b. # of oak trees within a quadrat c. # of bear droppings along a trail d. ratio of marked and unmarked mice in a field | c. # of bear droppings along a trail |
| Which of the following species' range has extended extensively over the past 100 years? a. grizzly bear b. gypsy moth c. spotted owl d. polar bear | b. gypsy moth |
| What was propagated and promoted for use by the Soil Conservation Service but is now listed as a Federal Noxious Weed? | Kudzu |
| Why is Pacific salmon movement into freshwater streams considered migration if the salmon die at the head of the stream and never return to the ocean? | Because their offspring return to the ocean, the entire population participates in the migratory event via different life stages. |
| Why might the sex ratio of bird species in the figure change from as they grow from juveniles to adults? | Nesting females are vulnerable to predatory attack. |
| You see three shoots of a plant with a connected root system. This is an example of what? | 3 ramets |
| _____ defines the size of a population, the number of individuals in it. | Abundance |
| A graph that compares the relative number of individuals within different age groups of a population is called an age _____ | Pyramid |
| A group of individuals of the same species inhabiting a given area is called _______ | Population |
| A round trip movement of an individual from one place to another and back is called ____ | Migration |
| An individual tree or plant produced by sexual reproduction and thus arising from a zygote is a genetic individual, known as ____ | Genet |
| As a result of environmental heterogeneity, most populations are divided into smaller populations, referred to as local _____ | Subpopulations |
| Because a direct count of all individuals within a population is often impossible, population density is usually estimated by one or more methods of _______ | Sampling |
| Counting the total number of individuals within a square or rectangle of known area, referred to as a _______, is a sampling method that is commonly used to study plants or other sessile animals. | Quadrat |
| In most mammalian populations, the _______ sex ratio at birth is often weighted towards males. | Secondary |
| Individuals moving from another location into a subpopulations is referred to as _________ | Immigration |
| Population ________ is the number of individuals per unit area, or per unit volume. | Density |
| Populations can be divided into three ecologically important age classes: pre-reproductive, reproductive, and ______ | post-reproductive |
| The _______ of a population describes its spatial location, the area over which it occurs. | Distribution |
| The primary factors driving the dynamics of population abundance are the demographic processes of ______ and _______ | Birth; death |
| T/F: A genet is produced asexually. | False |
| T/F: A quadrat is usually used to measure density in mobile populations of animals. | False |
| T/F: A ramet is genetically identical to its original parent. | True |
| T/F: A uniform distribution of individuals within a population occurs if each individual's position is independent of others' positions. | False |
| T/F: All animals disperse actively, whereas all plants disperse passively. | False |
| T/F: An individual plant is often more difficult to recognize than an individual animal. | True |
| T/F: Ecological density is a measure of the number of individuals per unit of available living space. | True |
| T/F: Most populations are divided into subpopulations. | True |
| T/F: Small trees are often the same age as large individuals in the canopy. | True |
| T/F: The age of a fish can be determined by counting the annual rings of otoliths (ear bones). | True |
| T/F: The density of a population is usually measured by counting every individual. | False |
| T/F: The distribution of species is rarely determined by minimum and maximum temperature tolerances. | False |
| T/F: The most common spatial distribution among individuals within a population is clumped. | True |
| T/F: The sex ratio in a population is usually fixed and does not vary among age classes. | False |
| T/F: Unlike the one-way movement of an individual in emigration and immigration, migration refers to round-trip movements. | True |
Created by:
phebe
Popular Ecology sets