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Ecology 2
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| any form of precipitation (rain, snow, fog) containing abnormally high levels of acidic components from release of pollutants | acid rain |
| decomposers return the nitrogen from the remains of dead plants and animals back to the soil as ammonia | ammonification |
| a natural process that traps heat in earth's atmosphere, keeping the planet warm enough to support life. | greenhouse effect. |
| interaction between 2 different organisms living in a close relationship usually to the advantage of both | Symbiosis |
| a symbiotic relationship when ALL species in the relationship BENEFIT from their interactions. | Mutualism |
| An interaction between 2 different species where one organism, the parasite, lives on or in the (host) causing the host harm | parasitism |
| Interaction between organisms in which ONE benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed | commensalism |
| the maximum population that a given area can sustain(support) | carrying capacity |
| two species competing for the same limited resources cannot coexist in the same ecological niche; one species will eventually outcompete the other, leading to displacement or extinction | competitive exculsion |
| can increase with the size of the population and LIMIT growth as population size increases (examples: disease-competition-predation) | density dependent limiting factor |
| This limiting factor will affect the population regardless of the population size/density | Density independent limiting factor |
| rapid growth | Exponential growth |
| occurs when resources are limited (growth rate slow as population reaches its carrying capacity) | Logistic growth |
| the concentration of individuals within a species in a specific geographical locatoin | Population density |
| use less crowded and unstable ecological niches and produce many organisms: many will not survive to adulthood (common housefly) | r-strategist species |
| strong competitors in a crowded by stable niche and invest more heavily in fewer offspring; high probability offspring will survive t adulthood (elephants, humans, whales) | k-strategist species |
| microscopic solid or liquid particles suspended in the air that can be inhaled and cause health problems, including respiratory and cardiovascular issues. | particulates |
| the mixing of air with pollutants and exhaust gases resulting from human activity. | smog |
| a layer of ozone (O3) the surrounds Earth and prevents lethal doses of ultraviolet radiation from the sun from reaching organisms | Ozone layer |
| process by which atmospheric nitrogen is converted to a form of nitrogen such as ammonia | nitrogen fixation |
| bacteria convert ammonia into nitrates that plants can use | nitrification |
| occurs when anaerobic bacteria breakdown nitrates and release nitrogen back into the atmosphere. | denitrification |
| the introduction of harmful substances or energy into the environment that can negatively impact living organisms and ecosystem. | pollution |
| addition of excess nitrogen to a body of water in many cases due to an excess of nutrients that causes a bloom of producers (algae blooms) | eutrophication |
| resources that can continue to exist despite being consumed resources that can replenish themselves over a period of time even as they are used | renewable resources |
| oil, coal, natural gas, nuclear energy (resources that cannon be readily replaced by normal means) | nonrenewable resources |
Created by:
aimeelundy
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