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9 Science genetics

TermDefinition
A adenine
T thyamine
C cytosine
G guanine
allele different forms of a gene
amino acid small molecule that joins with others to form proteins
bases ATCG
base pair two bases joined together
cell division the splitting of a cell to form new cells
chromosome a DNA molecule that condenses during cell division
daughter cell any new cell formed by cell division
dominant allele A version of a gene that is expressed even when only one copy is present
recessive allele A feature that only appears when two alleles are present
fertilisation The joining of an egg and a sperm to form a new organism
gene A unit of genetic information
genotype the different forms of the gene
phenotype the physical characteristics of a trait
heterozygous when two alleles are different
homozygous when two alleles are the same
inheritance The passing down of traits via genes from one generation to the next
mutation a permanent change in the sequence of bases
pedigree a family tree that shows how a trait is passed down through generation
sex chromosome A chromosome that helps determine an organism's gender
gamete sex cells, sperm or egg cells
zygote formed when an egg is fertilised by a sperm
haploid half the amount of chromosome
diploid double the amount of chromosomes
homologous chromosomes an idetical pair of chromosomes, one from mother and one from father
Created by: justineforrest
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