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Bacteria
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Taxonomy

7th Grade Unit 35

TermDefinition
Bacteria microscopic, single-celled organisms that are found almost everywhere on Earth
Archaea microorganisms that define the limits of life on Earth. They were originally discovered and described in extreme environments
Taxonomy the science of classifying and naming living organisms based on their shared characteristics, essentially organizing them into groups based on their similarities and differences
Domain the highest level of classification for living organisms, essentially dividing all life on Earth into a few major groups
Eukarya a domain of life that includes organisms with cells containing a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
Unicellular an organism is made up of only one single cell
Prokaryotic a simple, single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryotic a cell that has a well-defined nucleus surrounded by a membrane, containing the genetic material, and also has other specialized structures called organelles, each with a specific function within the cell
Multicellular an organism made of more than one cell
Kingdoms the highest level of classification for living organisms, grouping together large groups of organisms with similar characteristics, like animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria, which share a common ancestry and evolutionary lineage
Animalia the kingdom that includes all animals, from insects to humans
Plantae the kingdom of all plants, encompassing everything from mosses and ferns to conifers and flowering plants
Fungi organisms that are not plants but are more closely related to animals. They are heterotrophic, meaning they digest food externally, and they lack chlorophyll and vascular tissue
Protista a diverse group of single-celled, eukaryotic organisms that are neither plants, animals, nor fungi, meaning they are essentially all other eukaryotes that don't fit into those three kingdom
Eubacteria prokaryotic microorganisms consisting of a single cell lacking a nucleus and containing DNA is a single circular chromosome
Archaebacteria a group of microorganisms considered to be an ancient form of life that evolved separately from the bacteria and blue-green algae
Phylum a major group of organisms within a kingdom, classified together based on shared fundamental characteristics, ranking above class and below kingdom in the taxonomic hierarchy
Class a taxonomic rank that groups together organisms sharing a significant number of characteristics, sitting below the phylum and above the order in the classification system
Order a taxonomic rank that groups together a collection of related families of organisms, sitting between "class" and "family" in the hierarchy
Family a group of related genera (types of organisms) that share similar characteristics, classified within a taxonomic hierarchy between the order and genus levels
Genus a group of closely related species that share many similar characteristics, considered a taxonomic rank above species and below family in the classification system
Species a group of organisms that can interbreed with each other and produce fertile offspring
Binomial Nomenclature a system of naming organisms using two parts: the first part identifies the genus and the second part identifies the species
Created by: klstorie
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