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AP Biology Unit 2
AP Biology Study Stack Unit 2 Set.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The two cell categories are.. | Eukayrotic and Prokaryotic |
| where is the DNA in EUK cells? | In the nucleus |
| Where is nucleus in PROK cell? | Floatingg around the cell |
| Which cell type has membrane bound organelles? | EUK |
| Cytosol is | the fluid that holds organelles in a cell |
| Cytoplasm is | The fluid that holds the organelles and the organelles |
| Ribosomes are | complexes made up of RNA and protein |
| Ribosomes function is | protein synthesis |
| Protein synthesis is | The making of protein in a cell |
| Plasma membrane is | Barrier of cells that control what goes in and out |
| Endoplasmic reticulum is continuous of what | Membrane of nucleus/nuclear envelope |
| Difference between rough and smooth ER is | Rough ER has ribosomes attached to it, smooth ER has none |
| Smooth er synthesizes | Lipids |
| Rough er does what? | Labels and packages proteins in vesicles to transport them out |
| Golgi complex looks like | Flattened Membrane sac |
| Golgi complex function is to | Ensure correct folding and packaging of new protein |
| Golgi complex is also referred to as | warehouse of the cell |
| The Golgi complex receives what? | Vesicles from ER and sends to plasma membrane or or other parts |
| Mitochondria is | Powerhouse of the cell, site of ATP |
| LYSOSOMES contain enzymes responsible for.. | Breaking down waste |
| Something special about mitochondrion is the fact that they have their own what? | DNA |
| All mitochondrial DNA comes from | your mother |
| Chloroplasts is only in | plant cells |
| Chroloplasts is where was process takes place? | photosynthesis |
| Vacuoles are in what type o fcell | Plant cell |
| What do vacuoles do? | Storage compartment, water and ezymes |
| Which cels have large vacuoles that shape their cell? | Plant |
| Lysosomes are also known as | the recycling center of the cell |
| Lysosome pH is acidic. True or False | True |
| Peroxisomes carry out which reactions and producee what? | Oxidation reactions, Produce hydrogen peroxide |
| Peroxisomes damage what if not safey stored? | The cell |
| Transcription is what steps | DNA -> mRNA |
| Transcription happens in what organelle | Nucleus |
| mRNA -? Protein is called what? | Translation |
| The double ring surrounding nuclear contains what | Bilipid layers |
| Nuclear pores allow what to travel | mRNA |
| mRNA latches onto what to translate? | Ribosomes |
| While mRNA is translating, it will latch onto what and go inside it? | ROUGH ER. |
| Going inside rough er is called what? | ER LUMEN |
| AFTER protein enters rough ER where does it go to ? | Smooth ER |
| Once the protein breaks off from the ribosomes, it takes what organelle with it to create a vesicle? | Transitional ER membrane |
| What's a vesicle? | Anything being transported in a cell with its own mini membrane |
| Vesicles in protein synthesis go to what organelle after being made? | 'Golgi apparatus |
| Golgi apparatus does what to proteins during protein synthesis? | Maturation process for the cell to leave or latch to plasma membrane |
| Endomembrane system is? | all oft he membrane that interact w/ each other inn. the cell |
| All if the lining of membranee are made up of what? | Phospholipid bilayers |
| What are the two ends in a phospholipid bilayer? | Hydrophilic and hydrophobic |
| Lysosoems are found in what cell? | Animal |
| Difference between lysosomes and peroxisomes is.. | Perox. doesn't receive vesicles from golgi |
| In mitochondria are holes called.. | Porins |
| What do porins allow to pass through? | ions and sugars |
| Inner Membrane of mitochondria increase what to electron transport chain? | Surface area |
| The folds of the inner membrane of mitochondria are called what? | Crista (singular)/Cristae(plural) |
| Where does the Krebs cycle take place in inner membrane? | Matrix |
| What's glycolysis | a series of reactions that break down glucose to produce energy |
| All cells have what? | ribosomes |
| Lysosomes are made where? | Golgi |
| volume of a sphere | 4/3pir^3 |
| surface area of a sphere | 4pir^2 |
| ratio of volume to surface area for a sphere | r/3 |
| ratio of surface area to volume for a sphere | 3/r |
| volume of a cube | s^3 |
| surface area of a cube | 6s^2 |
| As a cell grows, do surface area and volume grow together? | No |
| As a cell grows, which increases faster, volume or SA? | volume increases faster |
| If V:SA is too big, the cell will die. Why>? | The cell needs more material than it can obtain |
| As a cell gets bigger what does the surface area do per unit of volume? | Decrease |
| As a cell gets bigger and the SA decreases, why is it harder for larger cells to exist? | For all the activity happening on the volume, they dont have enough SA to go their exchanges |
| Cells with a higher SA:V ratios will.. | exchange materials faster |
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febresed
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