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Ecology Exam 1/7
Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a boime? | a broad-scale region dominated by similar types of ecosystems. |
| A hypothesis refers to a(n) ________ | testable explanation for an observed phenomenon |
| A model is used by ecologists to do what? | make predictions about how nature works using a set of explicit assumptions. |
| A predator consuming prey would occur at the organizational level of the ________ | community |
| A scientist wants to manipulate glucose levels in amphibians to determine freeze tolerance at -5 Celsius. Which arena would suit this question best? | Laboratory experiment |
| All populations of different species living and interacting within an ecosystem are referred to collectively as a(n) _____ | community |
| An ecologist conducts a greenhouse experiment to study the effect of nitrogen concentration on the productivity of sunflower seedlings. What is the independent variable in this experiment? | concentration of nitrogen |
| An ecologist measured the length and weight of different individuals of a species of bird. The most common method of graphically displaying the data is a ______ | scatter plot |
| An ecologist who focuses on the individual could study all of the following, except a. behavior. b. death rate. c. physiology. d. morphology. | b. death rate. |
| An integrated set of hypotheses that together explain a broader set of observations is considered a(n) ______ | theory |
| Because ecology relies on many different branches of science (e.g., geology), it is considered ______ | interdisciplinary |
| Broad scale regions dominated by similar types of ecosystems are called ______ | biomes |
| Consider the question: "Why do tropical rain forests support a greater diversity of species than temperate forests?" At which level of organization would this be addressed? | global |
| Experiments done at Cedar Creek Long Term Ecological Research site are ideal for examining concepts at what level? | ecosystem |
| If x and y have a positive relationship as shown by a scatter plot, then the value of y will do what? | increase as the value of x increases |
| Moisture and concentration of oxygen ________. | are parts of an organism's environment |
| Science can best be described as what? | a search for evidence that proves our concepts wrong |
| The basic unit in ecology is the ________ | individual |
| The basic unit of ecology is the individual because it what? | passes genetic information to successive individuals |
| The correct sequence of the scientific method is what? | observation, ask a question, form a hypothesis, test a hypothesis, form a theory |
| The interaction of a biotic community and its abiotic environment is referred to as a(n) ________ | ecosystem |
| The real goal of hypothesis testing is to _________ | eliminate incorrect ideas |
| The term "ecology" is defined as the study of the ________ | relationships between organisms and their environment |
| Which economist influenced Darwin's conception of natural selection? | Thomas Malthus |
| Which model would you use to examine the relationship between nitrogen concentration and plant growth? | linear regression |
| Which of the following best represents the flow of the scientific method? | observation, question, hypothesis, predictions, hypothesis testing |
| Which of the following is a cornerstone of the science of ecology? | Darwin's theory of natural selection |
| Which of the following is an example of a biome? | tropical rainforest |
| Which of the following is considered an abiotic component of the ecosystem? a. temperature b. animals c. plants d. microbes | a. temperature |
| What question is most appropriate to an investigation at the population level? | What is the relationship between resource availability and birthrate? |
| What question is most appropriate to an investigation at the landscape level? | Which factors give rise to the spatial extent and arrangement of the various ecosystems? |
| Which of the following represents the correct organization of ecological systems from the lowest to the highest level of organization? | individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere |
| Why is ecology considered an interdisciplinary science? | It involves and draws from various fields of science such as geology, hydrology, and meteorology. |
| _________ is activism with a stated aim of protecting the natural environment, particularly from the negative impacts of human activities. | Environmentalism |
| _____ is the scientific study of the relationship between organisms and their environment. | Ecology |
| A group of individuals of the same species that occupies a given area is referred to as a(n) ___________ | population |
| A(n) _______ is an abstract, simplified representation of a real system, allowing us to predict some behavior or response using a set of explicit assumptions. | Model |
| All populations of different species living and interacting within an ecosystem are referred to collectively as a(n) __________ | community |
| All science begins with an _______, which is the first step in the process known as the scientific method. | observation |
| At the ________ level, an ecologist might focus on the factors that affect the relative abundance of various populations in the area. | community |
| In a field experiment, an ecologist measures the effects of nitrogen on productivity, plotting data for nitrogen on the x-axis and productivity on the y-axis. In this experiment, the dependent variable is ________ | productivity |
| The _______ forms the basic unit in ecology. | individual |
| The living, or _____, and nonliving, or ________, components of the environment interact within an ecosystem. | biotic; abiotic |
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phebe
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