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Unit 3 CD

Climate and Carbon Cycle

TermDefinition
biodiversity the variety of life in an area (more types of living things)
biosphere all of the living things all around the Earth, including the oceans and air
carbon cycle the continuous movement of carbon atoms between Earth's atmosphere, oceans, land, and living things
carbon sink any natural or artificial reservoir that absorbs and stores more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than it releases
carbon source any activity, natural or human, that releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, adding to the overall levels
climate long-term average weather of a certain location, typically calculated over a 30-year period
ecosystem all of the biotic and abiotic factors in a specific geographic area, interacting to support life
geosphere all of the solid earth, for example soil and rocks, all around the planet, including below the oceans
hydrosphere all of the water, all around Earth, including groundwater and clouds, as well as ice in glaciers
meteor any space rock or metal that has entered Earth's atmosphere and then burns as a "shooting star" as it falls toward the surface
photosynthesis the process by which plants (also algae and some bacteria) use radiation from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen, creating their own food.
respiration the process by which organisms use oxygen to break down food to make energy for life processes, producing carbon dioxide and water
volcanic eruption the release of molten rock, gases, and rock fragments from a volcano onto the Earth's surface or into the atmosphere
water cycle the continuous movement of water above Earth, below Earth or on the surface, through the processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection
deforestation the removal of forests or stands of trees, caused by humans or natural events
greenhouse gases certain gases that are present in the atmosphere, where they absorb heat (infrared radiation) from the planet's surface, trapping heat and warming the planet over time
natural events an observable phenomenon that occurs in nature and is not caused by humans
urbanization the process by which people move from rural areas to cities, and the land is then transformed to support the growing population
atmosphere layers of gases that surround a planet
carbon sources list burning fossil fuel, deforestation, volcanic eruption, animal respiration
reactants of photosynthesis carbon dioxide and water (and sun energy)
products of photosynthesis glucose (food) and oxygen
reactants of respiration oxygen and food (glucose)
products of respiration carbon dioxide, water, and energy
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